Aphanius almiriensis, a new species of toothcarp from Greece (Teleostei : Cyprinodontidae)

Aphanius almiriensis, new species, is described from a brackish water spring and from a lagoon (and its inflowing freshwater spring) in the Peloponnese (Greece). It is distinguished by the yellowish caudal fin of the male that has a wide faint grey margin and by the colour pattern of the female (7-11 dark, roundish blotches on the side, more or less connected by an irregular dark midlateral stripe). Aphanius almiriensis is critically endangered; it is possibly extinct at the type locality and the second locality is much impacted. The identity, type material and type locality of A.fasciatus are discussed, and a neotype is designated. Several species are possibly confused under the name A. fasciatus.