@article {5294, title = {Intrapopulation polymorphism in Anopheles messeae (An. maculipennis complex) inferred by molecular analysis}, journal = {Journal of Medical EntomologyJournal of Medical Entomology}, volume = {41}, number = {4}, year = {2004}, note = {Times Cited: 2ArticleEnglishCited References Count: 23841an}, month = {JUL}, pages = {582-586}, abstract = {We evaluated the internal transcribed spacer two (ITS2) sequence to detect intraspecific polymorphism in the Palearctic Anopheles maculipennis complex, analyzing 52 populations from 12 countries and representing six species. For An. messeae, two fragments of the cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene were also evaluated. The results were compared with GenBank sequences and data from the literature. ITS2 analysis revealed evident intraspecific polymorphism for An. messeae and a slightly less evident polymorphism for An. melanoon, whereas for each of the other species, 100\% identity was found among populations. ITS2 analysis of An. messeae identified five haplotypes that were consistent with the geographical origin of the populations. ITS2 seems to be a reliable marker of intraspecific polymorphism for this complex, whereas the COI gene is apparently uninformative.}, keywords = {anopheles maculipennis complex, culicidae, Cytochrome oxidase I, Diptera, evolution, gene, internal transcribed spacer two, malaria, malaria vector, northern Greece, polymorphism, primers, SEQUENCES}, author = {Di Luca, M. and Boccolini, D. and Marinucci, M. and Romi, R.} } @article {5257, title = {ITS 2 sequences heterogeneity in Phlebotomus sergenti and Phlebotomus similis (Diptera, Psychodidae): possible consequences in their ability to transmit Leishmania tropica}, journal = {International Journal for ParasitologyInternational Journal for Parasitology}, volume = {32}, number = {9}, year = {2002}, note = {Times Cited: 10ArticleEnglishCited References Count: 37583nu}, month = {AUG}, pages = {1123-1131}, abstract = {An intraspecific study on Phlebotomus sergenti, the main and only proven vector of Leishmania tropica among the members of the subgenus Paraphlebotomus was performed. The internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) sequences of 12 populations from 10 countries (Cyprus, Egypt, Italy, Lebanon, Morocco, Pakistan, Portugal, Spain, Syria, and Turkey) were compared. Samples also included three species closely related to P. sergenti: Phlebotomus similis (three populations from Greece and Malta), Phlebotomus jacusieli and Phlebotomus kazeruni. Our results confirm the validity of the taxa morphologically characterised, and imply the revision of their distribution areas, which are explained through biogeographical events. At the Miocene time, a migration route, north of the Paratethys sea would have been followed by P. similis to colonise the north of the Caucasus, Crimea, Balkans including Greece and its islands, and western Turkey. Phlebotomus sergenti would have followed an Asiatic dispersion as well as a western migration route south of the Tethys sea to colonise North Africa and western Europe. This hypothesis seems to be well supported by high degree of variation observed in the present study, which is not related to colonisation or to intra-populational variation. Two groups can be individualised, one oriental and one western in connection with ecology, host preferences and distribution of L. tropica. We hypothesise that they could be correlated with differences in vectorial capacities. (C) 2002 Australian Society for Parasitology Inc. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.}, keywords = {afghanistan, anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis, biogeography, culicidae, identification, internal transcribed spacer 2, its2 rdna sequences, leishmania, phlebotomus sergenti, phlebotomus similis, polymorphism, rDNA, RIBOSOMAL DNA, sandflies, speciation, vector, vectors}, author = {Depaquit, J. and Ferte, H. and Leger, N. and Lefranc, F. and Alves-Pires, C. and Hanafi, H. and Maroli, M. and Morillas-Marquez, F. and Rioux, J. A. and Svobodova, M. and Volf, P.} }