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Survey of present knowledge and new observations (1988) Zeitschrift fu?r Sa?ugetierkunde, 53, pp. 148-161; Zima, J., Gaichenko, V.A., Macholan, M., Radjabli, S.I., Sablina, O.V., Wo?jcik, J.M., Are Robertsonian variations a frequent phenomenon in mouse populations in Eurasia? (1990) Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 41, pp. 229-233.}, month = {2005///}, pages = {503-513}, abstract = {The karyotype of the house mouse, Mus musculus domesticus, was examined in 282 specimens from 44 localities, in an effort to gain better understanding of the Robertsonian (Rb) variation known to exist in Greece. We consider that an Rb system exists in Peloponnisos, southern Greece, distributed in an area that is substantially larger than previously known. It consists of at least three Rb races with 2n = 30, 2n = 24 and 2n = 28, respectively, the last being reported for the first time in this paper and carrying Rb(3.6), Rb(8.12), Rb(10.14), Rb(13.15), Rb(9.16) and Rb(11.17) in a homozygous state. Additional instances of variation in this Rb system include individuals with 2n = 31 and 32 of variable Rb constitution and hybrids between the Rb races with 2n = 30 and 2n = 24. In southern Peloponnisos, Rb(10.14) was found in either a homozygous or a heterozygous state (2n = 38 or 39). The relationships among the Rb populations of Peloponnisos are discussed and hypotheses for their evolution are proposed. Rb variation was also recorded in two new locations of eastern Sterea Ellas (2n = 28 and 29) and one in Ipiros, north-west Greece (2n = 38). These findings corroborate the existence of two separate Rb systems in those two areas. Moreover, among a number of islands surveyed, Rb variation was only found in Kythira island, with Rb(10.14) in a heterozygous state (2n = 39). Finally, the typical all-acrocentric karyotype (2n = 40) was found in 51 of the animals studied from 13 localities. {\textcopyright} 2005 The Linnean Society of London.}, keywords = {Chromosomal speciation, Contact zones, evolution, House mouse, hybridization, Mammalia, Monobrachial homology, Robertsonian fusion, Robertsonian race, Robertsonian system}, author = {Mitsainas, G.P. and Giagia-Athanasopoulou, E.B.} } @article {15558, title = {Taxonomy, evolutionary history and biogeography of the broad-toothed field mouse (Apodemus mystacinus) in the eastern Mediterranean area based on mitochondrial and nuclear genes}, journal = {Biological Journal of the Linnean SocietyBiological Journal of the Linnean Society}, volume = {85}, number = {1}, year = {2005}, note = {Times Cited: 2ArticleEnglishCited References Count: 52925wm}, month = {MAY}, pages = {53-63}, abstract = {The broad-toothed field mouse (Apodemus mystacinus) is distributed throughout the Balkan Peninsula, Asia Minor and the Middle East. It is generally split into two different specific entities: Apodemus epimelas occurs on the Balkan Peninsula and A. mystacinus inhabits Asia Minor and the Middle East. This analysis, based on two mitochondrial regions (cytochrome b and the D-loop) and the interstitial retinol binding protein (IRBP) nuclear gene, confirms an important level of genetic divergence between the animals from these regions and their separation from each other at least 4.2-5.1 Mya, which is in favour of a distinct specific status. Finally, the broad-toothed field mice from southwestern Turkey appear to be closely related to the animals from Crete but highly distinct from the populations of the other Oriental regions. This supports a distinct subspecific level (A. m. rhodius) for the insular animals and also for those from south-western Turkey. From a biogeographical point of view, it can be assumed that either late Pliocene or early Pleistocene cooling led to the isolation of two main groups of A. mystacinus, one in the Balkan region and the other one in Turkey and the Near East (Syria and Israel). In this region, it is suggested that a more recent event appeared during the Quaternary period, isolating broad-toothed field mice in Crete and leading to the appearance of two well-differentiated genetic groups: one in Crete and south-western Turkey, and the other widespread in northern and eastern Turkey as well as in the Near East. \© 2005 The Linnean Society of London.}, keywords = {cytochrome-b sequences, divergence, DNA, eastern mediterranean region, genus apodemus, irbp nuclear gene, Mammalia, Mitochondrial control region, mitochondrial cytochrome b gene, Molecular Phylogeny , Muridae, Pliocene, Rattus, Rodentia, vertebrates}, author = {Michaux, J. and Bellinvia, E. and Lymberakis, P.} } @article {15197, title = {Evolution and phylogeny of the genus Natrix (Serpentes: Colubridae)}, journal = {Biological Journal of the Linnean SocietyBiological Journal of the Linnean Society}, volume = {87}, year = {2006}, pages = {127-143}, publisher = {Blackwell Synergy}, abstract = {Some aspects of the natural history of snakes of the colubrid genus Natrix have been well studied. With their extensive European distribution and relative abundance, their ecology, reproduction and behaviour are well known. Yet other facets of their biology remain poorly understood. These include knowledge of Natrix phylogeny, hypotheses explaining the current distribution of the three extant members of the genus, and their evolution and relationships. In this study we used molecular data, the nucleotide sequences of four protein-coding mitochondrial genes (3806 bp total), to provide a well-supported phylogeny for the genus Natrix. With these molecular data, evidence from the fossil record, and knowledge of palaeogeological events, we used two approaches in designing a time scale which we used to date the major events in Natrix speciation and intraspecific variation. Our data strongly support a phylogeny for the genus in which N. maura is basal with N. natrix and N. tessellata being sister species. The calibrated molecular clock suggests that N. maura diverged from the common ancestor of the three species 18{\textendash}27 mya and that N. natrix and N. tessellata diverged 13{\textendash}22 mya. Although the ranges of these estimates are large they support an early Miocene to late Oligocene origin for the three species. Intraspecific divergence is estimated to have commenced 5.3, 6.0 and 6.7 mya with evolutionary rates of 1 : 1.25 : 1.35\% per million years for N. maura, N. natrix and N. tessellata, respectively}, keywords = {Reptilia}, author = {Guicking, D. and Lawson, R. and Joger, U. and Wink, M.} } @article {14864, title = {Gene flow and differential mortality in a contact zone between two Albinaria species (Gastropoda; Clausiliidae)}, journal = {Biological Journal of the Linnean SocietyBiological Journal of the Linnean Society}, volume = {71}, number = {4}, year = {2000}, note = {Cited By (since 1996): 8Export Date: 6 September 2006Source: ScopusReferences: Arad, Z., Goldberg, S., Heller, J., Water balance and resistance to desiccation in rock-dwelling snails (1995) International Journal of Biometeorology, 38, pp. 78-83; Ayoutanti, A., (1994) Geographic Structure of Genetic Variation of Populations of Genus Albinaria in the Region of the Acgcan Archipelago, , Ph.D. thesis, Agricultural University of Athens; Ayoutanti, A., Krimbas, C., Sourdis, J., Mylonas, M., Geographic structure of the genus Albinaria as revealed by electrophoretic genetic data (1993) Biologia Gallo-Hellenica, 20, pp. 19-23; Ayoutanti, A., Krimbas, C., Tsakas, S., Mylonas, M., Genetic differentiation and speciation in the Greek Archipelago: The genus Albinaria (1987) Biologia Gallo-Hellenica, 13, pp. 155-160; Barton, N.H., Hewitt, G.M., Hybrid zones and speciation (1981), pp. 109-145. , Atchley WR, Woodruff DS, eds. 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Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press; Yeh, F.C., Boyle, T., (1997) POPGENE version 1.2: Microsoft windows-based software for population genetics analysis, , University of Alberta \& Center for International Forestry Research; Zar, J.H., (1984) Biostatistical Analysis, , New Jersey: Prentice-Hall International, Inc.}, month = {2000///}, pages = {755-770}, abstract = {This paper reports on the disruption of normally effective ecological and behavioural barriers, at a contact zone on Monemvasia peninsula (Peloponnese, Greece), between parapatric populations of the land snail species Albinaria discolor and Albinaria campylauchen. Detected outcomes were the increase of gene flow between these two species at the contact zone, the occurrence of rare alleles, as well as the occurrence of morphologically and ethologically intermediate A. campylauchen specimens. Furthermore, there was high genetic variability along with deficiency of heterozygotes, probably due to inbreeding. Additionally, the study of mortality of these populations, during the adverse summer aestivation period, indicated that A. campylauchen individuals with an inappropriate combination of morphological and behavioural characteristics suffered heavily. The maladaptation and disadvantage of these specimens revealed the possible action of a postzygotic isolation mechanism between these two morphologically, molecularly and electrophoretically distinct species, that can, however, mate under laboratory conditions. Finally, the above situation is discussed in terms of exogenous versus endogenous selection. {\textcopyright} 2000 The Linnean Society of London.}, keywords = {Aestivation ethology, Exogenous selection, Heterozygote deficiency, hybridization, KAPE, Mollusca, Premating barriers}, author = {Giokas, S. and Mylonas, M. and Sotiropoulos, K.} } @article {14885, title = {What about non-adaptive radiation.}, journal = {Biological Journal of the Linnean SocietyBiological Journal of the Linnean Society}, volume = {43}, number = {4}, year = {1991}, pages = {263-272.}, keywords = {inc}, author = {Gittenberger, E.} } @article {14845, title = {Variation in acoustic signals within and among leafhopper species of the genus Alebra (Homoptera, Cicadellidae).}, journal = {Biological Journal of the Linnean SocietyBiological Journal of the Linnean Society}, volume = {45}, number = {1}, year = {1992}, pages = {1-15.}, author = {Gillham, M. C.} } @article {14809, title = {New data on the evolution of the Cretan spiny mouse, Acomys minous (Rodentia: Murinae), shed light on the phylogenetic relationships in the cahirinus group}, journal = {Biological Journal of the Linnean SocietyBiological Journal of the Linnean Society}, volume = {102}, number = {3}, year = {2011}, month = {March}, pages = {498-509}, isbn = {0024-4066}, author = {Giagia-Athanasopoulou, Eva B. and Rovatsos, Michail T. H. and Mitsainas, George P. and Martimianakis, Stefanos and Lymberakis, Petros and Angelou, Lida-Xenia D. and Marchal, Juan Alberto and Sanchez, Antonio} } @article {13964, title = {The pattern of geographical and altitudinal variation in the land snail Albinaria idaea from Crete (Gastropoda: Clausiliidae)}, journal = {Biological Journal of the Linnean SocietyBiological Journal of the Linnean Society}, volume = {71}, number = {2}, year = {2000}, note = {Cited By (since 1996): 5Export Date: 6 September 2006Source: ScopusReferences: Barry, R.G., (1992) Mountain weather and climate. 2nd edition, , London, New York: Routledge; Douris, V., Cameron, R.A.D., Rodakis, G.C., Lecanidou, R., Mitochondrial phylogeography of the land snail Albinaria in Crete: Long-term geological and short-term vicariance effects (1998) Evolution, 52, pp. 116-125; Douris, V., Giokas, S., Lecanidou, R., Mylonas, M., Rodakis, G.C., Phylogenetic analysis of mitochondrial DNA and morphological characters suggest a need for taxonomic re-evaluation within the Alopiinae (Gastropoda: Clausiliidae) (1998) Journal of Molluscan Studies, 64, pp. 81-92; Douris, V., Rodakis, G.C., Giokas, S., Mylonas, M., Lecanidou, R., Mitochondrial DNA and morphological differentiation of Albinaria populations (Gastropoda: Clausiliidae) (1995) Journal of Molluscan Studies, 61, pp. 65-78; Engelhard, G.H., Slik, J.W.F., On altitude dependent characters in Albinaria idaea (L. 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Thesis, University of Leiden; Schilthuizen, M., Gittenberger, E., Gultyaev, A.P., Phylogenetic relationships inferred from the sequence and secondary structure of ITS1 rRNA in Albinaria and putative Isabellaria species (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Clausiliidae) (1995) Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 4, pp. 457-462; Schilthuizen, M., Kemperman, T.C.M., Gittenberger, E., Parasites and predators in Albinaria (Gastropoda Pulmonata: Clausiliidae) (1994) Bios (Macedonia, Greece), 2, pp. 177-186; Welter-Schultes, F.W., Albinaria in central and eastern Crete: Distribution map of the species (Gastropoda: Clausiliidae) (1998) Journal of Molluscan Studies, 64, pp. 275-279; Welter-Schultes, F.W., Human-dispersed land snails in Crete, with special reference to Albinaria (GaStropoda: Clausiliidae) (1998) Biologia GaIlo-hellenica, 24, pp. 83-106; Welter-Schultes, F.W., Species and lower level taxa introduced in Albinaria from 1792-1999 (Gastropoda: Clausiliidae) (2000) Biologia Gallo-hellenica, 26, pp. 3-40.}, month = {2000///}, pages = {237-250}, abstract = {Certain morphological characters in the Mediterranean land snail genus Albinaria are believed not to be closely related to ecological conditions. Recently this view has been challenged by a study on A. idaea from central Crete (Greece) claiming that shell characters such as rib density, apertural lamella sizes and shell size parameters depend on ecological variables related to altitude. The present study suggests that variation in apertural lamellae, shell size parameters and shell shape were not related to altitude. Neither were they closely related to expected temperature gradients, nor to Drilus beetle predation pressure, nor to vegetational cover (forests/open land). The rib density was the only factor responding to altitude, but after accounting for altitude, altitude-independent regional variation was also of importance. The correlation with altitude was possibly caused by a response to temperature gradients. (C) 2000 The Linnean Society of London.}, keywords = {adaptation, biogeography, dispersal, Drilidae, Greece, Mollusca Gastropoda, Morphological variation, Predation pressure}, author = {Welter-Schultes, F.W.} } @article {13293, title = {Pollination strategies in Cretan Arum lilies}, journal = {Biological Journal of the Linnean SocietyBiological Journal of the Linnean Society}, volume = {101}, number = {4}, year = {2010}, month = {Dec}, pages = {991-1001}, isbn = {0024-4066}, author = {Urru, Isabella and St{\"o}kl, Johannes and Linz, Jeanine and Kr{\"u}gel, Tamara and Stensmyr, Marcus C. and Hansson, Bill S.} } @article {13150, title = {Biogeography and pattern of gene flow among Barbus species (Teleostei: Cyprinidae) inhabiting the Italian Peninsula and neighbouring Adriatic drainages as revealed by allozyme and mitochondrial sequence data}, journal = {Biological Journal of the Linnean SocietyBiological Journal of the Linnean Society}, volume = {75}, number = {1}, year = {2002}, pages = {83-99}, publisher = {Blackwell Synergy}, keywords = {Pisces}, author = {Tsigenopoulos, C. S. and Kotlik, P. and Berrebi, P.} } @article {13148, title = {Rapid radiation of the Mediterranean Luciobarbus species (Cyprinidae) after the Messinian salinity crisis of the Mediterranean Sea, inferred from mitochondrial phylogenetic analysis}, journal = {Biological Journal of the Linnean SocietyBiological Journal of the Linnean Society}, volume = {80}, number = {2}, year = {2003}, pages = {207-222}, keywords = {Pisces}, author = {Tsigenopoulos, C. S. and Durand, J. 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(1990) Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 41, pp. 229-233.}, month = {2005///}, pages = {643-651}, abstract = {This study focused on the sequence variation in a mitochondrial region in house mice Mus musculus domesticus from chromosomally variable populations in the north-west Peloponnese, Greece. The mitochondrial molecular variation revealed was among the highest found so far for M. m. domesticus populations. The haplotype distribution pattern was rather complex. There was no clear differentiation between the populations characterized by Robertsonian chromosomes and standard all-acrocentric populations. 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In order to test the significance of geographical isolation and/ or karyological differences in microevolutionary processes at the intraspecific level we used restriction enzymes and partial sequencing to study the polymorphism of the mtDNA D-loop control region in ten Greek populations. An overall high rate of both inter- and intrapopulation polymorphism was observed. The mtDNA diversity was unevenly distributed so that most of the populations studied were very similar and closely related, and only a few of them were clearly differentiated from the others. The mtDNA analysis failed to reveal any clear variation pattern that could be correlated with karyotypic forms or geographical proximity of the populations studied. Instead, the mtDNA phylogeny gave evidence in support of the coexistence of non-polymorphic (2n = 44) and polymorphic (2n < 44) karyotypic forms within the ancestral Greek M. (T.) thomasi stock. Interestingly, only one population (Agios Stefanos) seemed to significantly diverge from all the others in both methods used, forming a well-supported paraphyletic clade. Allozymic studies have already reported similar results, corroborating the genetic peculiarity of this population. {\textcopyright} 2005 The Linnean Society of London.}, keywords = {D-loop, Karyotypic forms, Mammalia, phylogeny, RFLPs, sequencing}, author = {Thanou, E. and Fraguedakis-Tsolis, S. and Chondropoulos, B.} } @article {11851, title = {Intraspecific variation in segment number in Pachymerium ferrugineum (C. L. Koch, 1835) (Chilopoda: Geophilomorpha) in the south Aegean Archipelago (north-east Mediterranean, Greece)}, journal = {Biological Journal of the Linnean SocietyBiological Journal of the Linnean Society}, volume = {88}, number = {4}, year = {2006}, note = {Export Date: 4 September 2006Source: ScopusReferences: Anastasakis, G.C., Dermitzakis, M.D., Post - Middle - Miocene palaeogeographic evolution of the Central Aegean Sea and detailed Quaternary reconstruction of the region. 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New York, NY: Academic Press; Fassoulas, C., (2000) Field Guide to the Geology of Crete (In Greek), , Heraklion: Natural History Museum of Crete, University of Crete; Kettle, C., Arthur, W., Jowett, T., Minelli, A., Homeotic transformation in a centipede (1999) Trends in Genetics, 15, p. 393; Kettle, C., Johnstone, J., Jowett, T., Arthur, H., Arthur, W., The pattern of segment formation, as revealed by engrailed expression, in a centipede with a variable number of segments (2003) Evolution and Development, 5, pp. 198-207; Lewis, J.G.E., The ecology, distribution and taxonomy of the centipedes found on the shore in the Plymouth area (1962) Journal of the Marine Biology Association UK, 42, pp. 655-664; Lewis, J.G.E., Centipedes entering houses with particular reference to Geophilus carpophagus Leach (1985) Entomologist{\textquoteright}s Monthly Magazine, 121, pp. 257-259; Meulenkamp, J.E., The Neogene in the southern Aegean area (1971) Opera Botanica, 30, pp. 5-12; Minelli, A., Holomeric vs. meromeric segmentation: A tale of centipedes, leeches, and rhombomeres (2000) Evolution and Development, 2, pp. 35-48; Minelli, A., A three-phase model of arthropod segmentation (2001) Development Genes and Evolution, 211, pp. 509-521; Minelli, A., Bortoletto, S., Myriapod metamerism and the arthropod segmentation (1988) Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 33, pp. 323-343; Minelli, A., Foddai, D., Pereira, L.A., Lewis, J.G.E., The evolution of segmentation of centipede trunk and appendages (2000) Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research, 38, pp. 103-117; Minelli, A., Fusco, G., Evo-devo perspectives on segmentation: Model organisms, and beyond (2004) Trends in Ecology and Evolution, 19, pp. 423-429; Palme?n, E., The Chilopoda of Eastern Fennoscandia (1949) Annales Zoologici Societatis Zoologicae Botanicae Fennicae Vanamo, 13, pp. 1-45; Pennas, P., (1977) The Climate of Crete (In Greek), , PhD Thesis, University of Thessaloniki; Verhoeff, K.W., U?ber einige palaarktische Geophiliden (1902) Zoologischer Anzeiger, 25, pp. 557-561; Zar, J.H., (1996) Biostatistical Analysis, 3rd Edn., , Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall International, Inc.}, month = {2006///}, pages = {533-539}, abstract = {Geophilomorph centipedes have numerous leg-bearing segments, always an odd number. Previous research has shown the significant role of latitudinal clines and temperature on intraspecific variation, supporting the view that species of geophilomorphs from cold and temperate regions tend to have fewer segments than those from warmer regions. Here, data are presented on segment numbers of Pachymerium ferrugineum (C. L. Koch, 1835) from the south Aegean Archipelago. Within the framework of a study of the centipede fauna of the south Aegean Islands, three adjacent geographical areas with discrete geological histories were studied (Crete, Cyclades, and Dodecanese). There is no evidence to indicate that a latitudinal trend is present across these three main geographical regions. Apart from Crete, there is no demonstration of a cline along the longitudinal axis of the Aegean. However, the insular characteristics of the central and south-east Cyclades could possibly support higher modal segment numbers. In addition, examination of males and females of P. ferrugineum confirmed the existence of latitudinal clines in certain cases among the islands of Crete, Cyclades, and Dodecanese. {\textcopyright} 2006 The Linnean Society of London.}, keywords = {Crete, Cyclades, Dodecanese, insularity, Latitudinal, Longitudinal, trend}, author = {Simaiakis, S. and Mylonas, M.} } @article {11605, title = {The spider fauna of the Aladjagiola wetland complex (Nestos Delta, north-east Greece): a reflection of a unique zoogeographical transition zone in Europe}, journal = {Biological Journal of the Linnean SocietyBiological Journal of the Linnean Society}, volume = {102}, number = {1}, year = {2011}, month = {Jan}, pages = {217-233}, isbn = {0024-4066}, author = {Schr{\"o}der, Maria and Chatzaki, Maria and Buchholz, Sascha} } @article {11454, title = {Life on the edge: A hybrid zone in Albinaria hippolyti (Gastropoda: Clausiliidae) from Crete.}, journal = {Biological Journal of the Linnean SocietyBiological Journal of the Linnean Society}, volume = {54}, number = {2}, year = {1995}, pages = {111-138}, abstract = {The hybrid zone between the Greek land snails Albinaria hippolyti aphrodite and Albinaria hippolyti harmonia runs exactly along the edge of a gorge. At two localities, we analysed patterns of variation in three enzyme loci, six conchological characters, and two anatomical characters across the zone. Clines in the various characters are largely coincident and concordant. They are narrow (approximately 30 m wide) where the ecological transition is abrupt, and wider (approximately 120 m wide) where a valley cuts into the gorge, making the environmental change more gradual. In spite of the obvious correlation with an ecological transition, we do not believe the zone is maintained by a selection gradient. Instead, direct and indirect evidence for hybrid disadvantage and evidence for directional dispersal at the edge of the gorge suggest that it is a tension zone, held at the ecotone by differential dispersal of at least one of the parental types. We speculate on the possibility that reinforcement may act in the hybrid zone. Our data on dispersal and reproductive isolating mechanisms lead us to believe that reinforcement may only be possible at localities where the hybrid zone is very narrow.}, keywords = {Mollusca}, author = {Schilthuizen, M. and Lombaerts, M.} } @article {11451, title = {Phylogeography of the land snail Albinaria hippolyti (Pulmonata: Clausiliidae) from Crete, inferred from ITS-1 sequences}, journal = {Biological Journal of the Linnean SocietyBiological Journal of the Linnean Society}, volume = {83}, number = {3}, year = {2004}, note = {Cited By (since 1996): 1Export Date: 5 September 2006Source: ScopusReferences: Van Andel, T.H., Shackleton, J.C., Late Paleolithic and mesolithic coastlines of Greece and the Aegean (1982) Journal of Field Archeology, 9, pp. 445-454; Buckler, E.S., Ippolito, A., Holtsford, T.P., The evolution of ribosomal DNA: Divergent paralogues and phylogenetic implications (1997) Genetics, 145, pp. 821-832; Douris, V., Cameron, R.A.D., Rodakis, G.C., Lecanidou, R., Mitochondrial phylogeography of the land snail Albinaria. 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(1991) Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 43, pp. 263-272; Gu, X., Li, W.H., The size distribution of insertions and deletions in human and rodent pseudogenes suggests the logarithmic gap penalty for sequence alignment (1995) Journal of Molecular Evolution, 40, pp. 464-473; Harris, D.J., Crandall, K.A., Intragenomic variation within ITS1 and ITS2 of freshwater crayfishes (Decapoda: Cambaridae): Implications for phylogenetic and microsatellite studies (2000) Molecular Biology and Evolution, 17, pp. 284-291; Higgins, D.G., Sharp, P.M., Clustal: A package for performing multiple sequence alignment on a microcomputer (1988) Gene, 73, pp. 237-244; Higgins, M.D., Higgins, R., (1996) A Geological Companion to Greece and the Aegean, , Ithaka: Cornell University Press; Hillis, D.M., Dixon, M.T., Ribosomal DNA: Molecular evolution and phylogenetic inference (1991) Quarterly Review of Biology, 66, pp. 411-429; Hillis, D.M., Moritz, C., Porter, C.A., Baker, R.J., Evidence for biased gene conversion in concerted evolution of ribosomal DNA (1991) Science, 251, pp. 308-310; Jacobshagen, V., Geologie von Griechenland (1986) Beitra?ge Zur Regionalen Geologie der Erde, 19, pp. 1-363; Kimura, M., A simple method for estimating evolutionary rate of base substitutions through comparative studies of nucleotide sequences (1980) Journal of Molecular Evolution, 16, pp. 111-120; Maassen, W.J.M., Observations on the genus Mastus from Crete (Greece), with descriptions of twelve new species (Gastropoda Pulmonata: Buliminidae) (1995) Basteria, 59, pp. 31-64; Medail, F., Quezel, P., Hot-spots analysis for conservation of plant biodiversity in the Mediterranean basin (1997) Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden, 84, pp. 112-127; Meulenkamp, J.E., The Neogene in the southern Aegean area (1971) Opera Botanica, 30, pp. 5-12; Meulenkamp, J.E., Aspects of the late cenozoic evolution of the Aegean region (1985) Geological Evolution of the Mediterranean Basin, pp. 307-321. , Stanley DJ, Wezel FC, eds. New York: Springer; Van Moorsel, C.H.M., Dijkstra, E.G.M., Gittenberger, E., Molecular evidence for repetitive parallel evolution of shell structure in Clausiliidae (2000) Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 17, pp. 200-208; Van Moorsel, C.H.M., Van Nes, W.J., Megens, H.J., A quick, simple, and inexpensive mollusc DNA extraction protocol for PCR-based techniques (2000) Malacologia, 42, pp. 203-206; Nordsieck, H., Annotated check-list of the species of the Albinaria-Isabellaria group (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora: Clausiliidae) (1999) Mitteilungen der Deutschen Malakozoologischen Gesellschaft, 62-63, pp. 1-21; Peters, J.M., Huson, W.J., The Pliny and Strabo trenches (eastern Mediterranean): Integration of seismic reflection data and seabeam bathymetric maps (1985) Marine Geology, 64, pp. 1-17; Rich, S.M., Rosenthal, B.M., Telford, S.R., Spielman, A., Hartl, D.L., Ayala, F.J., Heterogeneity of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS-2) region within individual deer ticks (1997) Insect Molecular Biology, 6, pp. 123-129; Riedel, A., The Zonitidae (sensu lato) (Gastropoda, Pulmonata) of Greece (1992) Fauna Graeciae, 5, pp. 1-194; Rieseberg, L.H., Soltis, D.E., Phylogenetic consequences of cytoplasmic gene flow in plants (1991) Evolutionary Trends in Plants, 5, pp. 65-84; Ro?gl, F., Steininger, F.F., Vom Zerfall der Tethys zu Mediterran und Paratethys (1983) Annalen Des Naturhistorischen Museums Wien, 85 A, pp. 135-163; Schilthuizen, M., Reproductive isolation in parapatric snails of the genus Albinaria (1994) Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 52, pp. 317-324; Schilthuizen, M., (1994) Differentiation and Hybridisation in a Polytypic Snail, , Unpublished PhD Thesis. University of Leiden, the Netherlands; Schilthuizen, M., A comparative study of hybrid zones in the polytypic land snail Albinaria hippolyti (Gastropoda Pulmonata: Clausiliidae) (1995) Netherlands Journal of Zoology, 45, pp. 261-290; Schilthuizen, M., Gittenberger, E., Allozyme variation in some Cretan Albinaria (Gastropoda): Paraphyletic species as natural phenomena (1996) Origin and Evolutionary Radiation of the Mollusca, pp. 301-311. , Taylor J, ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press; Schilthuizen, M., Gittenberger, E., Gultyaev, A., Phylogenetic relationships inferred from the sequence and secondary structure of ITS1 rRNA in Albinaria and putative Isabellaria species (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Clausiliidae) (1995) Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, (4), pp. 457-462; Schilthuizen, M., Vermeulen, J.J., Davison, G.W.H., Gittenberger, E., Population structure in a snail species from isolated Malaysian limestone hills, inferred from ribosomal DNA sequences (1999) Malacologia, 41, pp. 271-284; Schilthuizen, M., Welter-Schultes, F.W., Wiese, V., A revision of the polytypic Albinaria hippolyti (Boettger, 1878) from Crete (Gastropoda Pulmonata: Clausiliidae) (1993) Zoo?logische Mededelingen, Leiden, 67, pp. 137-157; Schlo?tterer, C., Hauser, M.T., Von Haeseler, A., Tautz, D., Comparative evolutionary analysis of rDNA ITS regions in Drosophila (1994) Molecular Biology and Evolution, 11, pp. 513-522; Schulenburg, J.H., Hancock, J.M., Pagnamenta, A., Sloggett, J.J., Majerus, M.E.N., Hurst, G.D.D., Extreme length and length variation in the first ribosomal internal transcribed spacer of ladybird beetles (2001) Molecular Biology and Evolution, 18, pp. 648-660; Sfenthourakis, S., A biogeographical analysis of terrestrial isopods (Isopoda, Onicidea) from the central Aegean islands (Greece) (1996) Journal of Biogeography, 23, pp. 687-698; Swofford, D.L., (2002) PAUP*: Phylogenetic Analysis Using Parsimony (*and Other Methods). Version 4, , Sunderland: Sinauer Associates; Tautz, D., Renz, M., An optimized freeze-squeeze method for the recovery of DNA fragments from agarose gels (1983) Analytical Biochemistry, 132, pp. 14-19; Welter-Schultes, F.W., Albinaria in central and eastern Crete: Distribution map of the species (Pulmonata: Clausiliidae) (1998) Journal of Molluscan Studies, 64, pp. 275-279; Welter-Schultes, F.W., Human-dispersed land snails in Crete, with special reference to Albinaria (Gastropoda: Clausiliidae) (1998) Biologia Gallo-Hellenica, 24, pp. 83-106; Welter-Schultes, F.W., The paleogeography of late Neogene central Crete inferred from the sedimentary record combined with Albinaria land snail biogeography (2000) Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 157, pp. 27-44; Welter-Schultes, F.W., Approaching the genus Albinaria in Crete from an evolutionary point of view (Pulmonata: Clausiliidae) (2000) Schriften Zur Malakozoologie, 16, pp. 1-208; Welter-Schultes, F.W., Geographic forms of the land snail Albinaria hippolyti as potential end members of phylogenetic lineages (Gastropoda: Clausiliidae) (2000) Biologia Gallo-Hellenica, 26, pp. 41-68; Welter-Schultes, F.W., Williams, M.R., History, island area and habitat availability determine land snail species richness of Aegean islands (1999) Journal of Biogeography, 26, pp. 239-249.}, month = {2004///}, pages = {317-326}, abstract = {The polytypic Cretan land snail Albinaria hippolyti has a range that is partly fragmented and partly subdivided by hybrid zones. For this reason, it has served as a model species for investigating speciation and radiation in Mediterranean Clausiliidae. The first internal transcribed spacer (ITS-1) of the nuclear ribosomal DNA was sequenced in 20 populations of A. hippolyti and phylogenetically analysed using maximum parsimony. We employed a novel method involving logarithmic weighting of gaps and topological constraints based on bootstrap values. The resulting phylogeography suggests that the species has undergone a recent cycle of range expansion and range reduction. Speciation cannot be linked to major geological vicariance events in the Miocene and Pliocene, as has been suggested previously. The subspecies A. h. arthuriana appears unrelated to other A. hippolyti subspecies, which supports recent suggestions, based on morphology, to regard it as a separate species. {\textcopyright} 2004 The Linnean Society of London.}, keywords = {Allopatric speciation, Cenozoic geology, Character weighting, Deletions, Greece, Insertions, Mollusca Gastropoda, phylogenetics, Range fluctuations, rDNA, Topological constraints}, author = {Schilthuizen, M. and Gutteling, E. and van Moorsel, C.H.M. and Welter-Schultes, F.W. and Haase, M. and Gittenberger, E.} } @article {11445, title = {Reproductive isolation in snails of the genus Albinaria (Gastropoda: Clausiliidae).}, journal = {Biological Journal of the Linnean SocietyBiological Journal of the Linnean Society}, volume = {52}, number = {4}, year = {1994}, pages = {317-324}, abstract = {Parapatric, morphologically characterized forms of the Mediterranean snail genus Albinaria have traditionally been regarded as biological species. Recently, this view has been challenged on the basis of small interspecific genetic distances and cross-breeding experiments. In order to test whether traditionally recognized species are reproductively isolated lineages, two cases of syntopy were analysed by means of isozyme electrophoresis. The data suggest that complete reproductive isolation is present. In one of the two cases, ecological differentiation on a small spatial scale was observed.}, keywords = {Mollusca}, author = {Schilthuizen, M.} } @article {11346, title = {Linkage between sexual and asexual lineages: genome evolution in Bacillus stick insects}, journal = {Biological Journal of the Linnean SocietyBiological Journal of the Linnean Society}, volume = {79}, number = {1}, year = {2003}, pages = {137}, publisher = {Blackwell Synergy}, abstract = {The sexually reproducing stick insects Bacillus rossius and B. grandii are sharply differentiated in terms of allozyme gene alleles; B. atticus is a polyclonal automictic parthenogen sister to B. grandii grandii. Although well differentiated for coding genes, these hybridize to produce diploid (B. whitei = rossius/grandii) or triploid (B. lynceorum = rossius/grandii/atticus) clonal forms which reproduce apomictically. Allozyme analyses of unisexual Bacillus clearly establish their relationships from bisexual ancestor species as does the existence in all of them of several clones (especially in B. atticus) whose egg maturation allows regular recombination to occur. Bacillus taxa share the Bag320 satellite DNA family within different reproductive frameworks, allowing satellite variant homogenization to be uncoupled from fixation. The nested analysis of monomers reveals different patterns of sequence diversity: sexual reproduction includes both homogenization and variant fixation, whereas the slowing of molecular turnover processes and the absence of syngamy in the parthenogens realizes a similar range of sequence diversity at the level of the individual and supra-individual, but with no fixation. On the other hand, the actual values of sequence diversity appear mostly linked to species traits - range size, copy number of repeats, number of hybrid crosses - and possibly transposon activity, rather than to the reproductive mode. In addition, the mitochondrial genome reveals a comparable level of cox2 sequence variability in sexual and parthenogenetic taxa, thus adding to clonal variability. From Bacillus and other stick insect complexes, an overall picture of genomic diversification of parthenogens is therefore beginning to emerge. To define those animals that reproduce by non-canonical sexual modes (i.e. parthenogenesis, hybridogenesis), but make use of egg and meiotic mechanisms, the term meta-sexual is proposed.}, keywords = {Phasmida}, author = {Scali, V. and Passamonti, M. and Marescalchi, O. and Mantovani, B.} } @article {10616, title = {Isolation and amplification of shrew DNA from barn owl pellets}, journal = {Biological Journal of the Linnean SocietyBiological Journal of the Linnean Society}, volume = {85}, number = {3}, year = {2005}, pages = {331-340}, publisher = {Blackwell Synergy}, keywords = {Mammalia}, author = {Poulakakis, N. and Lymberakis, P. and Paragamian, K. and Mylonas, M.} } @article {10415, title = {Chromosomal variation in the house mouse}, journal = {Biological Journal of the Linnean SocietyBiological Journal of the Linnean Society}, volume = {84}, number = {3}, year = {2005}, note = {Cited By (since 1996): 13Export Date: 4 September 2006Source: ScopusReferences: Adolph, S., Robertsonsche Translokationen bei wu?rttembergischen Hausma?usen (Mus musculus domesticus). 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In this review we discuss the processes behind the origin and fixation of these rearrangements and then present a unified list of all known metacentric populations and evaluate their phylogenetic relationships. Eleven independent phylogeographical {\textquoteright}systems{\textquoteright}, each consisting of 2-25 metacentric populations, were identified in Scotland, Denmark, Northern Europe-Northern Switzerland, Southern Switzerland, Northern Italy, Croatia, Spain, Central-Southern Italy, Peloponnesus, Mainland Greece and Madeira. There are six isolated metacentric populations that do not belong to any of these systems. To generate phylogenies of the metacentric populations within each system, we determined those outcomes with the fewest steps regarding accumulation of metacentrics by Rb fusions, WARTs and zonal raciation and taking into account geographical proximity. These phylogenies should be viewed as working hypotheses that will be refined with further chromosomal and molecular data and improvements in methods of phylogenetic reconstruction. The list of metacentric populations and our phylogenies are also published electronically and can be accessed at http://www.studenec.ivb.cz/Projects/ RobertsonianMice/. {\textcopyright} 2005 The Linnean Society of London.}, keywords = {Chromosomal evolution, Hybrid zone, Mammalia, Mus musculus domesticus, phylogeny, Robertsonian fusions, Whole-arm reciprocal translocation, Zonal raciation}, author = {Pialek, J. and Hauffe, H.C. and Searle, J.B.} } @article {10315, title = {Ecogeographical patterns in the incidence of brood parasitism in bees.}, journal = {Biological Journal of the Linnean SocietyBiological Journal of the Linnean Society}, volume = {55}, year = {1995}, pages = {261-272}, keywords = {KAPE Hymenoptera}, author = {Petanidou, T.} } @article {10103, title = {Dispersal and population structure of two sympatric species of the mediterranean land snail genus Mastus (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Enidae)}, journal = {Biological Journal of the Linnean SocietyBiological Journal of the Linnean Society}, volume = {83}, number = {1}, year = {2004}, note = {Times Cited: 1ArticleEnglishCited References Count: 70856gb}, month = {SEP}, pages = {131-144}, abstract = {We studied the population dynamics of Mastus by investigating the effects of population structure, spatial ecology and biology of reproduction on the genetic diversity of two sympatric Mastus species endemic to the island of Crete. Over a period of 27 months, we carried out both mark-recapture and random quadrat sampling techniques in order to assess the dispersal trends, the aggregation patterns, the neighbourhood size and the habitat preferences of these species. There were 154 recorded movements for M. butoti and 114 for M. cretensis. Mean monthly dispersal was estimated at d = 0.5 m for M. butoti and d = 1 m for M. cretensis. Both species showed a random dispersal pattern but tended to aggregate in the field. Their populations were found to be highly structured owing to their highly parsimonious dispersal behaviour and the very low population densities, estimated at D = 2.07 +/- 0.16 and D = 0.73 +/- 0.16 individuals m(-2) for M. butoti and M. cretensis, respectively. The neighbourhood size did not exceed 150 individuals for either species. The habitat occupied by each species changed during the active season, but both the immature and the adult individuals of each species seemed to prefer the same habitats throughout the active season. Partial population activation during the active season was observed in both species. We conclude that the population structure, the partial population activation and the species-specific reproductive strategies have a profound effect on maintaining the genetic diversity of the genus{\textquoteright} populations. (C) 2004 The Linnean Society of London.}, keywords = {arianta-arbustorum, biology of reproduction, brephulopsis-bidens, Crete, flow, genetic diversity, GENETIC-VARIATION, Habitat preference, helicidae, islands, life history traits, MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA, Mollusca Gastropoda, movement patterns, population density, spatial ecology, spatial-distribution, theba-pisana mollusca}, author = {Parmakelis, A. and Mylonas, M.} } @article {10105, title = {Mitochondrial DNA phylogeny and morphological diversity in the genus Mastus (Beck, 1837): A study in a recent (Holocene) island group (Koufonisi, south-east Crete)}, journal = {Biological Journal of the Linnean SocietyBiological Journal of the Linnean Society}, volume = {78}, number = {3}, year = {2003}, note = {Cited By (since 1996): 10Export Date: 5 September 2006Source: ScopusReferences: Bank, R.A., Notes on the radiation of the genus Mastus Beck, 1837 (Pulmonata) in the Aegean archipelago (Greece) (1997) Heldia, 4, pp. 29-30; Bensasson, D., Zhang, D.-X., Hewitt, G.M., Mitochondrial pseudogenes: Evolution{\textquoteright}s misplaced witnesses (2001) Trends in Ecology and Evolution, 16, pp. 314-321; Brown, R.P., Thorpe, R.S., Baez, M., Patterns and causes of morphological population differentiation in the Tenerife skink, Chalcides viridanus (1993) Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 50, pp. 313-328; Brown, W.M., Prager, E.M., Wang, A., Wilson, A.C., Mitochondrial DNA sequences of primates: Tempo and mode of evolution (1982) Journal of Molecular Evolution, 18, pp. 225-239; Chiba, S., Accelerated evolution of land snails Mandarina in the oceanic Bonin islands: Evidence from mitochondrial DNA sequences (1999) Evolution, 53, pp. 460-471; Davison, A., The inheritance of divergent mitochondria in the land snail, Cepaea nemoralis (2000) Journal of Molluscan Studies, 66, pp. 143-147; Dermitzakis, M.D., Paleogeography, geodynamic processes and event stratigraphy during the Late Cenozoic of the Aegean area (1990) Accademi Nazionale dei Lincei, 85, pp. 263-288; Desalle, R., The phylogenetic relationships of flies in the family Drosophilidae deduced from mtDNA sequences (1992) Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 1, pp. 31-40; Desalle, R., Freedman, T., Prager, E.M., Wilson, A.C., Tempo and mode of sequence evolution in mitochondrial DNA of Hawaiian Drosophila (1987) Journal of Molecular Evolution, 26, pp. 157-164; Douris, V., Cameron, R.D., Rodakis, G.C., Lecanidou, R., Mitochondrial phylogeography of the land snail Albinaria in Crete: Long-term geological and short-term vicariance effects (1998) Evolution, 52, pp. 116-125; Felsenstein, J., Confidence limits of phylogenies: An approach using the bootstrap (1985) Evolution, 39, pp. 783-791; Felsenstein, J., (1995) PHYLIP - Phylogeny Inference Package, Version 3.57c, , Seattle: distributed by the author; Goodacre, S.L., Genetic variation in a Pacific Island land snail: Population history versus current drift and selection (2001) Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, 268, pp. 121-126; Goodacre, S.L., Wade, C.M., Molecular evolutionary relationships between partulid land snails of the Pacific (2001) Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, 268, pp. 1-7; Greenwood, A., Pa?a?bo, S., Nuclear insertion sequences of mitochondrial DNA predominate in hair but not in blood of elephants (1999) Molecular Ecology, 8, pp. 133-137; Guiller, A., Coutelec-Vreto, M.A., Madec, L., Deunff, J., Evolutionary history of the land snail Helix aspersa in the western Mediterranean: Preliminary results inferred from mitochondrial DNA sequences (2001) Molecular Ecology, 10, pp. 81-87; Hatzoglou, E., Rodakis, G.C., Lecanidou, R., Complete sequence and gene organization of the mitochondrial genome of the land snail Albinaria coerulea (1995) Genetics, 140, pp. 1353-1366; Hayashi, M., Chiba, S., Intraspecific diversity of mitochondrial DNA in the land snail Euhadra peliomphala (Bradybaenidae) (2000) Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 70, pp. 391-401; Heller, J., The taxonomy and distribution of the Enidae (Mollusca: Pulmonata) of the Aegean islands (1976) Journal of Molluscan Studies, 42, pp. 371-393; Hillis, D.M., Mable, B.K., Moritz, C.M., Appplications of molecular systematics (1996) Molecular Systematics, 2nd Edn., pp. 515-543. , Hillis DM, Moritz C, Mable BK, eds. 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University of Crete; Kimura, M., A simple method for estimating evolutionary rates of base substitutions through comparative studies of nucleotide sequences (1980) Journal of Molecular Evolution, 16, pp. 111-120; Kimura, M., Clegg, S.M., Lovette, I.J., Holder, K.R., Girman, D.J., Mila, B., Wade, P., Smith, T.B., Phylogeographical approaches to assessing demographic connectivity between breeding and overwintering regions in a Nearctic-Neotropical warbler (Wilsonia pusilla) (2002) Molecular Ecology, 11, pp. 1605-1616; Kocher, T.D., Carleton, K.L., Base substitutions in fish mitochondrial DNA: Patterns and rates (1997) Molecular Systematics of Fishes, pp. 13-24. , Kocher TD, Stepien CA, eds. San Diego: Academic Press; Kumar, S., Tamura, K., Nei, M., (1993) MEGA: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis, , Institute of Molecular Evolutionary Genetics. 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(1951) Bulletin de Biologie Franc?ais, 35, pp. 1-239; Lecanidou, R., Douris, V., Rodakis, G.C., Novel features of metazoan mtDNA as revealed from sequence analysis of three mitochondrial DNA segments of the land snail Albinaria turrita (Gastropoda, Clausiliidae) (1994) Journal of Molecular Evolution, 38, pp. 369-382; Lydeard, C., Holznagel, W.E., Schnare, M.N., Gutell, R., Phylogenetic analysis of molluscan mitochondrial LSU rDNA sequences and secondary structures (2000) Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 15, pp. 83-102; Lydeard, C., Mulvey, M., Davis, G.M., Molecular systematics and evolution of reproductive traits of North American freshwater unionacean mussels (Mollusca: Bivalvia) as inferred from 16S rRNA gene sequences (1996) Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, 351, pp. 1593-1603; Maassen, W.J.M., Observations on the genus Mastus from Crete (Greece), with descriptions of twelve new species (Gastropoda Pulmonata: Buliminidae) (1995) Basteria, 59, pp. 31-64; Mindell, D.P., Honeycutt, R.J., Ribosomal RNA in vertebrates: Evolution and phylogenetic applications (1990) Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, 21, pp. 541-566; Murray, J., Clarke, B., Movement and gene flow in Partula taeniata (1984) Malacologia, 25, pp. 343-348; Palumbi, S., Martin, A., Romano, S., McMillan, W.O., Stice, L., Grabowski, G., (1991) The Simple Fool{\textquoteright}s Guide to PCR, , Honolulu, privately distributed; Peters, M.J., Late cenozoic tectono-stratigraphic development of eastern Crete (1985) Gua Papers of Geology, 23, pp. 62-212; Ross, T.K., Phylogeography and conservation genetics of the Iowa Pleistocene snail (1999) Molecular Ecology, 8, pp. 1363-1373; Saitou, H., Nei, M., The neighbor-joining method: A new method for reconstructing phylogenetic trees (1987) Molecular Biology and Evolution, 4, pp. 406-425; Scha?ble, C.S., Moritz, C., Comparative phylogeography of two open forest frogs from eastern Australia (2001) Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 74, pp. 157-170; Shimizu, Y., Ueshima, R., Historical biogeography and interspecific mtDNA introgression in Euhadra peliomphala (the Japanese land snail) (2000) Heredity, 85, pp. 84-96; Sokal, R.R., Rohlf, F.J., (1995) Biometry, 3rd Edn., , New York: Freeman; Swofford, D.L., (1998) PAUP* 4.0 (Phylogenetic Analysis Using Parsimony, Vers. 4.0610), , Sunderland, MA: Sinauer Associates Inc; Swofford, D.L., Olsen, G.J., Waddell, P.J., Hall, A., Phylogenetic inferrence (1996) Molecular Systematics, 2nd Edn., pp. 407-514. , Hillis DM, Moritz C, Mable BK, eds. Sunderland, MA: Sinauer Associates Inc; Thacker, R.W., Hadfield, M.G., Mitochondrial phylogeny of extant Hawaiian tree snails (Achatinellinae) (2000) Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 16, pp. 263-270; Thollesson, M., Phylogenetic analysis of Dorid nudibranchs (Gastropoda: Doridacea) using the mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene (1999) Journal of Molluscan Studies, 65, pp. 335-353; Thomaz, D., Guiller, A., Clarke, B., Extreme divergence of mitochondrial DNA within species of pulmonate land snails (1996) Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, 263, pp. 363-368; Thompson, J.D., Higgins, D.G., Gibson, T.J., CLUSTAL W: Improving the sensitivity of progressive multiple sequence alignment through sequence weighting, position-specific gap penalties and weight matrix choice (1994) Nucleic Acids Research, 22, pp. 4673-4680; Thorpe, R.S., Malhotra, A., Molecular and morphological evolution within small islands (1996) Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, 351, pp. 815-822; Vardinoyannis, K., (1994) Biogeography of Land Snails in the South Aegean Island Arc, , Unpublished DPhil Thesis, University of Athens; Watanabe, Y., Chiba, S., High within-population mitochondrial DNA variation due to microvariance and population mixing in the land snail Euhadra quaesita (Pulmonata: Bradybaenidae) (2001) Molecular Ecology, 10, pp. 2635-2645; Welter-Sehultes, F.W., Wiese, V., Die landschnecken der insel Koufonisi (suedlich Kreta) mit Nebeninseln (1997) Schriften zur Malakozoologie, 10, pp. 80-95; Winnepenninckx, B., Backeljau, T., De Wachter, R., Extraction of high molecular weight DNA from molluscs (1993) Trends in Genetics, 9, p. 407.}, month = {2003///}, pages = {383-399}, abstract = {Three endemic Cretan land snail species of the genus Mastus (Beck, 1837) from the island group of Koufonisi (southeast Crete) and the eastern part of Crete, were studied by multivariate analysis of shell morphology and analysis of mtDNA sequences. The phylogeny of the populations studied and the processes effecting the genetic and morphological diversity of the species were investigated. Extremely high mtDNA sequence divergence was observed both within and between populations. The Cretan populations could not be distinguished morphologically, while the populations of the islets were more distinct. We argue that the active geological past of the area (including sea level changes) and the long-term presence of humans has produced a mixing up of Mastus populations leading to the accumulation of high divergence of mtDNA sequences on a small spatial scale. The limited morphological diversity and the distinct shell {\textquoteright}identity{\textquoteright} of the islets{\textquoteright} populations can be attributed to the selective pressures of the island group. {\textcopyright} 2003 The Linnean Society of London.}, keywords = {16S rRNA, Human activities, Land snail, Mollusca, Multivariate analyses, Natural selection, Sequence divergence, shell}, author = {Parmakelis, A. and Spanos, E. and Papagiannakis, G. and Louis, C. and Mylonas, M.} } @article {10098, title = {Increased molecular divergence of two endemic Trachelipus (Isopoda, Oniscidea) species from Greece reveals patterns not congruent with current taxonomy}, journal = {Biological Journal of the Linnean SocietyBiological Journal of the Linnean Society}, volume = {95}, number = {2}, year = {2008}, month = {October}, pages = {361-370}, isbn = {0024-4066}, author = {Parmakelis, Aristeidis and Klossa-Kilia, Elena and Kilias, George and Triantis, Kostas A. and Sfenthourakis, Spyros} } @article {9430, title = {Phylogeography of the last surviving populations of Rhodian and Anatolian fallow deer (Dama dama dama L., 1758)}, journal = {Biological Journal of the Linnean SocietyBiological Journal of the Linnean Society}, volume = {93}, number = {4}, year = {2008}, month = {April}, pages = {835-844}, isbn = {0024-4066}, author = {Masseti, Marco and Pecchioli, Elena and Vernesi, Cristiano} } @article {9299, title = {Microsatellite DNA and behavioural studies provide evidence of host-mediated speciation in Myzus persicae (Hemiptera: Aphididae)}, journal = {Biological Journal of the Linnean SocietyBiological Journal of the Linnean Society}, volume = {91}, number = {4}, year = {2007}, month = {August}, pages = {687-702}, isbn = {0024-4066}, author = {Margaritopoulos, John T. and Malarky, Gavin and Tsitsipis, John A. and Blackman, Roger L.} } @article {8859, title = {Population genetics of the spittlebug genus Philaenus (Homoptera, Cercopidae) in Greece}, journal = {Biological Journal of the Linnean SocietyBiological Journal of the Linnean Society}, volume = {46}, number = {4}, year = {1992}, note = {Times Cited: 6ArticleEnglishCited References Count: 34Jm902}, month = {AUG}, pages = {403-413}, keywords = {color polymorphism, enzyme variability, philaenus-loukasi, philaenus-signatus, philaenus-spumarius, phylogeny, polymorphism}, author = {Loukas, M. and Drosopoulos, S.} } @article {8841, title = {Genetic diversity and phylogeography of the European roe deer: the refuge area theory revisited}, journal = {Biological Journal of the Linnean SocietyBiological Journal of the Linnean Society}, volume = {88}, number = {1}, year = {2006}, pages = {85-100}, publisher = {Blackwell Synergy}, abstract = {The extant taxa of central and northern Europe are commonly believed to derive from Pleistocene ancestors, who moved to the north from three separate glacial refugia: the Iberian and Italian peninsulae, as well as the southern Balkans. The issue of postglacial dispersal patterns was addressed through the investigation of population structure and phylogeography of the European roe deer, Capreolus capreolus. The genetic diversity in 376 individuals representing 14 allegedly native populations across their European range was assessed, using ten autosomal microsatellite loci and restriction fragment length polymorphisms of the mitochondrial D-loop and NADH dehydrogenase 1 gene segments. Our results suggest the existence of three major genetic lineages of roe deer in Europe. One comprises populations in the south-western limit of the species{\textquoteright} distribution (i.e. Iberia), where an internal substructure splits a northern from a southern sublineage. A second lineage includes populations of southern and eastern Europe, as well as a separate sublineage sampled in central-southern Italy, where the existence of the subspecies Capreolus c. italicus was supported. In central-northern Europe, a third lineage is present, which appeared genetically rather homogeneous, although admixed, and equally divergent from both the eastern and western lineages. Current patterns of intraspecific genetic variation suggest that postglacial recolonization routes of this cervid to northern Europe could be due to range expansion from one or more refugia in central-eastern Europe, rather than proceeding from the Mediterranean areas}, keywords = {Mammalia}, author = {Lorenzini, R. and Lovari, S.} } @article {7793, title = {Phylogenetic relationships of Atherina hepsetus and Atherina boyeri (Pisces: Atherinidae) populations from Greece, based on mtDNA sequences}, journal = {Biological Journal of the Linnean SocietyBiological Journal of the Linnean Society}, volume = {92}, number = {1}, year = {2007}, month = {September}, pages = {151-161}, isbn = {0024-4066}, author = {Klossa-Kilia, Eleni and Papasotiropoulos, Vasilis and Tryfonopoulos, George and Alahiotis, Stamatis and Kilias, George} } @article {7061, title = {Genetic cohesion of Eresus walckenaeri (Araneae, Eresidae) in the eastern Mediterranean}, journal = {Biological Journal of the Linnean SocietyBiological Journal of the Linnean Society}, volume = {86}, number = {1}, year = {2005}, note = {Export Date: 4 September 2006Source: ScopusReferences: Arnold, M.L., (1997) Natural Hybridization and Evolution, , New York: Oxford University Press; Beerli, P., Hotz, H., Uzzell, T., Geologically dated sea barriers calibrate a protein clock for Aegean frogs (1996) Evolution, 50, pp. 1676-1687; Bellmann, H., (1997) Kosmos Atlas Spinnentiere Europas, , Stuttgart: Franckh-Kosmos Verlag; Bianco, P.G., Potential role of the paleohistory of the Mediterranean and Paratethys basin on the early dispersal of Euro-Mediterranean freshwater fishes (1990) Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters, 1, pp. 167-184; Bond, J.E., Hedin, M.C., Ramirez, M.G., Opell, B.D., Deep molecular divergence in the absence of morphological and ecological change in the Californian coastal dune endemic trapdoor spider Aptostichus simus (2001) Molecular Ecology, 10, pp. 899-910; Bordenstein, S.R., Drapeau, M.D., Werren, J.H., Intraspecific variation in sexual isolation in the jewel wasp Nasonia (2000) Evolution, 54, pp. 567-573; Clarke, K.E., Rinderer, T.E., Frank, P., Quezada-Eua?n, J.G., Oldroyd, B.P., The africanization of honeybees (Apis mellifera L.) of the Yucatan: A study of a massive hybridization event across time (2002) Evolution, 56, pp. 1462-1474; Clement, M., Posada, D., Crandall, K.A., TCS: A computer program to estimate gene genealogies (2000) Molecular Ecology, 9, pp. 1657-1659; Comes, H.P., Kadereit, J.W., The effect of quaternary climatic changes on plant distribution and evolution (1998) Trends in Plant Science, 3, pp. 432-438; Coyne, J.A., Orr, H.A., Patterns of speciation in Drosophila{\textquoteright} revisited (1997) Evolution, 51, pp. 295-303; Deltshev, C., A faunistic and zoogeographical review of the spiders (Araneae) of the Balkan peninsular (1999) Journal of Arachnology, 27, pp. 255-261; Desalle, R., Freedman, T., Prager, E.M., Wilson, A.C., Tempo and mode of sequence evolution in mitochondrial DNA of Hawaiian Drosophila (1987) Journal of Molecular Evolution, 26, pp. 157-164; Harani, B.P., Ramachandra, N.B., Evolutionary experimentation through hybridization under laboratory conditions in Drosophila: Evidence for recombinational speciation (2003) BMC Evolutionary Biology, 3. , Art. 20; Harpending, H.C., Batzer, M.A., Gurven, M., Jorde, L.B., Rogers, A.R., Sherry, S.T., Genetic traces of ancient demography (1998) Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA, 95, pp. 1961-1967; Hedin, M., Wood, D.A., Genealogical exclusivity in geographically proximate populations of Hypochilus thorelli Marx (Araneae, Hypochilidae) on the Cumberland Plateau of North America (2002) Molecular Ecology, 11, pp. 1975-1988; Hewitt, G.M., Some genetic consequences of ice-ages, and their role in divergence and speciation (1996) Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 58, pp. 247-276; Johannesen, J., Baumann, T., Seitz, A., Veith, M., The significance of relatedness and gene flow on population genetic structure in the subsocial spider Eresus cinnaberinus (Araneae: Eresidae) (1998) Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 63, pp. 81-98; Johannesen, J., Veith, M., Population history of Eresus cinnaberinus (Araneae: Eresidae) colour variants at a putative species transition (2001) Heredity, 87, pp. 114-124; Mu?ller, C., Late Miocene to recent Mediterranean biostratigraphy and paleoenvironments based on calcareous nannoplankton (1985) Geological Evolution of the Mediterranean Basin, pp. 475-481. , Stanley DJ, Wezel F-C, eds. 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At least three species occur in Europe. However, deep genetic divergence among geographical samples within two species, E. cinnaberinus and E. sandaliatus, may suggest more cryptic species. In the present study we investigate the genetic cohesion of the third species, Eresus walckenaeri, throughout its eastern Mediterranean distribution range, relative to the E. cinnaberinus-E. sandaliatus species complex. Eresus walckenaeri specimens were monophyletic. Genetic discreteness of E. walckenaeri in a region of sympatry with its sister species in Greece provides evidence for species integrity of E. walckenaeri within the European Eresus species complex. Eresus walckenaeri exhibited high concordance between geographical location and mtDNA genealogy. Two major phylogeographical clades were found in the Greek-Turkish and Syrian-Israel parts of the investigated area, respectively (?6.5\% sequence divergence). Concordance between geography and genetic divergence was further observed between Aegean island samples and their corresponding Greek and Turkish mainland samples, suggesting regional subdivision with gradual but potentially high dispersal propensity. Monophyly and limited regional distribution indicate Mediterranean endemic origin. {\textcopyright} 2005 The Linnean Society of London.}, keywords = {6S, Aegean, Araneae, Cryptic species, Levant, Mismatch distribution, ND1, phylogeny, phylogeography}, author = {Johannesen, J. and Kiefer, A. and Veith, M. and Kral, J.} } @article {6940, title = {Microsatellite DNA analysis of northern pike (Esox lucius L.) populations: insights into the genetic structure and demographic history of a genetically depauperate species}, journal = {Biological Journal of the Linnean SocietyBiological Journal of the Linnean Society}, volume = {84}, number = {1}, year = {2005}, pages = {91-101}, publisher = {Blackwell Synergy}, abstract = {The northern pike Esox lucius L. is a freshwater fish exhibiting pronounced population subdivision and low genetic variability. However, there is limited knowledge on phylogeographical patterns within the species, and it is not known whether the low genetic variability reflects primarily current low effective population sizes or historical bottlenecks. We analysed six microsatellite loci in ten populations from Europe and North America. Genetic variation was low, with the average number of alleles within populations ranging from 2.3 to 4.0 per locus. Genetic differentiation among populations was high (overall θST = 0.51; overall ρST = 0.50). Multidimensional scaling analysis of genetic distances between populations and spatial analysis of molecular variance suggested a single phylogeographical race within the sampled populations from northern Europe, whereas North American and southern European populations were highly distinct. A population from Ireland was monomorphic at all loci, presumably reflecting founder events associated with introduction of the species to the island in the sixteenth century. Bayesian analysis of demographic parameters showed differences in θ (a product of effective population size and mutation rate) among populations from large and small water bodies, but the relative differences in θ were smaller than expected, which could reflect population subdivision within the larger water bodies. Finally, the analyses showed drastic population declines on a time scale of several thousand years within European populations, which we ascribe to either glacial bottlenecks or postglacial founder events}, keywords = {Pisces}, author = {Jacobsen, B. H. and Hansen, M. M. and Loeschcke, V.} } @article {6919, title = {Cranial shape variation and molecular phylogenetic structure of crested newts (Triturus cristatus superspecies: Caudata, Salamandridae) in the Balkans}, journal = {Biological Journal of the Linnean SocietyBiological Journal of the Linnean Society}, volume = {95}, year = {2008}, pages = {348-360}, keywords = {KAPE Amphibia}, author = {IVANOVI{\'C}, ANA and Sotiropoulos, K. and Vukov, Tanja D. and Eleftherakos, K. and D{\v z}uki{\'c}, G. and Polymeni, R. M. and Kalezic, Milos L.} } @article {6494, title = {Mating effort function of the spermatophore in the bushcricket Poecilimon veluchianus (Orthoptera, Phaneropteridae): Support from a comparison of the mating behaviour of two subspecies.}, journal = {Biological Journal of the Linnean SocietyBiological Journal of the Linnean Society}, volume = {53}, number = {2}, year = {1994}, pages = {153-163}, abstract = {To analyse spermatophore function, various aspects of the mating behaviour (e.g. spermatophore mass, duration of sperm transfer, mating frequency) were compared in two subspecies of the bushcricket P. veluchianus. Body mass was significantly different in both subspecies and had a strong effect on spermatophore mass, resulting in a large difference in absolute and relative (percentage of male body mass) spermatophore mass in both subspecies. After copulation the small P. v. minor spermatophores were consumed much faster by the female than the larger ones of P. v. veluchianus. The time necessary for sperm transfer from the spermatophore to the female spermatheca was much shorter in the subspecies with small spermatophores than in that with large spermatophores, and in both subspecies similar to the time required to consume the spermatophores. Mating frequency varied also between the subspecies and was much higher in P. v. minor than in P. v. veluchianus. Differences in body mass between the two subspecies therefore resulted in changes in several aspects of mating behaviour. However, despite large differences in the mass of the spermatophore, its main function seems to be to ensure sperm transfer. This can be concluded from the similarity between the duration of sperm transfer and the time period necessary for spermatophore consumption in each of the subspecies. The spermatophore is thus considered to be male mating effort.}, author = {Heller, K-G. and Reinhold, K.} } @article {6383, title = {The influence of recent geography, palaeogeography and climate on the composition of the fauna of the central Aegean Islands}, journal = {Biological Journal of the Linnean SocietyBiological Journal of the Linnean Society}, volume = {84}, number = {4}, year = {2005}, note = {Cited By (since 1996): 5Export Date: 4 September 2006Source: ScopusReferences: Bank, R.A., Notes on the radiation of the genus Mastus Beck, 1837 (Pulmonata) in the Aegean archipelago (Greece) (1997) Heldia, 4, pp. 29-30; Bank, R.A., Maassen, W.J.M., Beitra?ge zur Molluskenfauna der Pra?fektur Samos (Griechenland, o?stliche A?ga?is) (1981) De Kreukel, 34, pp. 45-80. , pl. 1-2; Bank, R.A., Menkhorst, H.P.M.G., Notizen zur Familie Enidae, 4. 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Fauna Graeciae, VIII, , Irakleio: Natural History Museum of Crete.}, month = {2005///}, pages = {785-795}, abstract = {Partial Mantel tests and structural equation models were used to investigate the influence of recent geography, palaeogeography and climate on the composition of the fauna of the central Aegean Islands. The composition of land snail and isopod island faunas was significantly influenced by recent and by Pliocene geography. Only Pleistocene palaeogeography had a significant influence on the composition of tenebrionid beetle island faunas. The composition of butterfly island faunas was influenced by recent and by Miocene geographical distances. The composition of reptile island faunas was correlated with recent and Pliocene geography as well as with Pleistocene and/or Miocene geographical distances. Island area influenced only the composition of the island faunas of the volant butterflies, and not that of the less mobile land snails, land isopods, tenebrionid beetles and reptiles. This might indicate that butterflies are able to colonize large islands with suitable habitats even if such islands are comparatively far from source areas more frequently than can the nonvolant groups. Influence of a climatic parameter, namely annual precipitation, on faunal composition was found only for reptiles. {\textcopyright} 2005 The Linnean Society of London.}, keywords = {biogeography, Coleoptera, Crustacea Isopoda, Land isopods, Land snails, Lepidoptera, Mollusca Gastropoda, reptiles, Reptilia, tenebrionidae}, author = {Hausdorf, B. and Hennig, C.} } @article {5599, title = {Local and global multivariate analysis of geographical mitochondrial DNA variation in Leuciscus cephalus L. 1758 (Pisces: Cyprinidae) in the Balkan Peninsula}, journal = {Biological Journal of the Linnean SocietyBiological Journal of the Linnean Society}, volume = {67}, number = {1}, year = {1999}, note = {Cited By (since 1996): 11Export Date: 6 September 2006Source: ScopusReferences: Ahnelt, H., Bianco, P.G., Schwammer, H., Systematics and zoogeography of Knipowitschia caucasica (Teleostei: Gobiidae) based on new records from the Aegean Anatolian area (1995) Ichhyological Exploration of the Freshwaters, 6, pp. 49-60; Apostolidis, A., Karakousis, Y., Triantaphyllidis, C., Genetic divergence and phylogenetic relationships among Salmo trutta L. 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Boundary detection supported these two ichthyogeographic districts for L. cephalus, revealing a boundary that ran from north to south through the Balkan Peninsula and the middle of Greece. The results also revealed the existence of a third division in Central Greece. The results of ordination techniques on homogeneous zones and analysis of the molecular variance confirmed the results obtained in studying local variability (boundaries). They also allowed us to test the existence of possible subdivisions proposed by different authors inside the two main ichthyogeographic districts. These subdivisions were not supported. The multivariate methods used in this study allowed us to propose a coherent picture of chub ichthyogeographic districts in terms of boundary detection and maximal autocorrelation between populations and to explain the patterns of chub mtDNA variation. A complete interpretation of results concerning L. cephalus requires careful consideration of both boundary analysis and autocorrelative approach. Results from an the autocorrelative approach alone could lead to substantial misinterpretations.}, keywords = {Genetic structure, Global Correspondence Analysis, Ichthyogeographic district, KAPE, Local Correspondence Analysis}, author = {Durand, J.-D. and Guinand, B. and Bouvet, Y.} } @article {5297, title = {Ancestral populations perform better in a novel environment: domestication of Mediterranean fruit fly populations from five global regions}, journal = {Biological Journal of the Linnean SocietyBiological Journal of the Linnean Society}, volume = {102}, number = {2}, year = {2011}, month = {February}, pages = {334-345}, isbn = {0024-4066}, author = {Diamantidis, Alexandros D. and Carey, James R. and Nakas, Christos T. and Papadopoulos, Nikos T.} } @article {5300, title = {Life history evolution in a globally invading tephritid: patterns of survival and reproduction in medflies from six world regions}, journal = {Biological Journal of the Linnean SocietyBiological Journal of the Linnean Society}, volume = {97}, number = {1}, year = {2009}, month = {May}, pages = {106-117}, isbn = {0024-4066}, author = {Diamantidis, Alexandros D. and Papadopoulos, Nikos T. and Nakas, Christos T. and Wu, Shuang and Mueller, Hans-Georg and Carey, James R.} } @booklet {4389, title = {Genetic evidence for the existence of cryptic species in the mesopsammic flatworm Pseudomonocelis ophiocephala (Rhabditophora: Proseriata)}, howpublished = {Biological Journal of the Linnean SocietyBiological Journal of the Linnean Society}, volume = {87}, number = {4}, year = {2006}, note = {Export Date: 4 September 2006Source: ScopusReferences: Apostol, B.L., Black, W.C., Reiter, P., Miller, B.R., Population genetics with RAPD-PCR markers: The breeding structure of Aedes aegypti in Puerto Rico (1996) Heredity, 76, pp. 325-334; Archie, J.W., Statistical analysis of heterozygosity data: Independent sample comparisons (1985) Evolution, 39, pp. 623-637; Avise, J.C., (1994) Molecular Markers, Natural History and Evolution., , New York: Chapman \& Hall; Ax, P., Monographie der Otoplanidae (Turbellaria). 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Meier, R., eds. New York: Columbia University Press; Wright, S., Isolation by distance (1943) Genetics, 28, pp. 114-138.}, month = {2006///}, pages = {553-576}, abstract = {Pseudomonocelis ophiocephala (Schmidt, 1861), a mesopsammic proseriate, is common in a variety of shallow water habitats in the Mediterranean. The genetic relationships between morphologically indistinguishable populations across the Mediterranean were surveyed by means of combined allozyme and Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis. Genetic distances, UPGMA cluster analysis and F-statistics based on 27 allozyme genetic loci and 68 RAPD primer fragments were consistent in showing that the taxon Pseudomonocelis ophiocephala is a complex of sibling species, consisting of four taxonomic units. The four species differ in distribution and habitat: sibling A is widespread in lower intertidal habitats of the Mediterranean, in well-sorted, medium- to coarse-grained sand; siblings B, C and D show a restricted distribution (Corsican-Sardinian region and Elba Island, west and east coast of Greece, respectively) in low-energy marine habitats. Given that the species of the complex are morphologically indistinguishable, the type material is absent, and that there are two siblings in the type locality (Corfu Island, Greece), a neotype is designated for P. ophiocephala. The three further siblings are named; species descriptions are based on non-morphological characters (karyotype, allozymic and RAPD patterns). Distributions and reconstruction of phylogenetic relationships based on allozyme data suggest that both allopatric and ecological speciation have played a role in the evolutionary history of the species complex. {\textcopyright} 2006 The Linnean Society of London.}, keywords = {Genetic structure, marine biodiversity, Mediterranean, meiofauna, Molecular markers, Sibling species}, author = {Casu, M. and Curini-Galletti, M.} } @article {4057, title = {Genic differentiation in M. m. domesticus populations from Europe, the Middle East and North Africa: geographic patterns and colonization events.}, journal = {Biological Journal of the Linnean SocietyBiological Journal of the Linnean Society}, volume = {41}, year = {1990}, pages = {27-45}, keywords = {KAPE Mammalia}, author = {Britton-Davidian, J.} } @article {4018, title = {Structure of the phytophagous insect fauna of Onopordum thistles in the northern Mediterranean basin.}, journal = {Biological Journal of the Linnean SocietyBiological Journal of the Linnean Society}, volume = {53}, year = {1994}, pages = {231-253}, keywords = {kape Coleoptera Curculionidae}, author = {Briese, D. T. and Sheppard, A. W. and Zw{\"o}lfer, H. and Boldt, P. E.} } @article {3621, title = {Molecular taxonomy and phylogeography of Miniopterus schreibersii (Kuhl, 1817) (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae), in the Eurasian transition}, journal = {Biological Journal of the Linnean SocietyBiological Journal of the Linnean Society}, volume = {87}, number = {4}, year = {2006}, pages = {577}, publisher = {Blackwell Synergy}, abstract = {Miniopterus schreibersii is a polytypic bat species, with one of the widest distribution ranges among the mammals. We studied the genetic differentiation and taxonomy of this species in the transition zone between south-eastern Europe and Anatolia (in Asia), where two subspecies have been described. The results indicated a sharp genetic break between the samples from western Anatolia and south-eastern Europe and those of eastern Anatolia. In addition, the samples from western Anatolia and south-eastern Europe were seen to be reciprocally monophyletic, although the differentiation was less drastic. These patterns of genetic differentiation suggest the presence of two distinct groups within the M. schreibersii complex in the region, concordant with previous subspecific recognition. The cause of this genetic break is most likely differentiation in separate glacial refugia followed by secondary contact. However, more samples are needed to assess whether these represent different species, as well as to understand more clearly the causes of this differentiation. }, keywords = {Mammalia}, author = {Bilgin, R. and Karatas, A. and Coraman, E. and Pandurski, I. and Papadatou, E. and Morales, J. 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In total, 33 different haplotypes were found. There was little evidence of divergence between populations in northern and western Europe whereas the sample from Greece differed significantly from the other European breeding populations. The lowest haplotype diversity was found near the distribution range limit in Sweden and in The Netherlands suggesting recent effects of bottlenecks/founder events in these areas. A neighbour-joining analysis of the different haplotypes placed the haplotypes into two distinctive clades, A and B. The divergence of the two clades was on average 1.29\%. Accounting for the within clade variation suggested a divergence time between these lines approximately 70 000 years BP. The frequency of the two clades changed longitudinally across Europe with the A haplotype in the west and the B haplotype in the east. All birds from Kenya carried the B haplotype suggesting an origin of these birds east of Latvia/Greece. The long-term female effective population size was estimated to be 20 000 individuals, which is approximately 2\% of current population size.}, keywords = {Acrocephalus, Afrotropical migrant, Aves, Effective population size, mtDNA geographic variation}, author = {Bensch, S. and Hasselquist, D.} } @article {3164, title = {The house mouse progression in Eurasia: a palaeontological and archaeozoological approach.}, journal = {Biological Journal of the Linnean SocietyBiological Journal of the Linnean Society}, volume = {41}, year = {1990}, pages = {13-25}, keywords = {KAPE Mammalia}, author = {Auffray, J.-C. and Vanlerberghe, F. and Britton-Davidian, J.} }