@conference {16334, title = {CHARACTERISTICS AND CONSERVATION OF HERONRIES IN GREECE}, booktitle = {12TH INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS ON THE ZOOGEOGRAPHY AND ECOLOGY OF GREECE AND ADJACENT REGIONS}, year = {2012}, month = {18 {\textendash} 22 June}, publisher = {HELLENIC ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY}, organization = {HELLENIC ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY}, address = {Athens}, keywords = {Aves, characteristics, conservation, Greece, heronries, Ελλάδα, πουλιά, χαρακτηριστικά, ψαροφάγα}, author = {Kazantzidis, S. and Yfantis, G.} } @article {9990, title = {Factors affecting the foraging behavior of the Squacco Heron}, journal = {WaterbirdsWaterbirds}, volume = {28}, number = {1}, year = {2005}, note = {Export Date: 4 September 2006Source: ScopusReferences: Burger, J., Gochfeld, M., Age differences in Cattle Egrets Bubulcus ibis, foraging with wild ungulates in Kenya (1989) Ardea, 77, pp. 201-204; Campos, F., Lekuona, J.M., Temporal variations in the feeding habits of the Purple Heron Ardea purpurea during the breeding season (1997) Ibis, 139, pp. 447-451; Campos, F., Lekuona, J.M., Are rice fields a suitable foraging habitat for Purple Herons during the breeding season? (2001) Waterbirds, 24, pp. 450-452; Cezilly, F., Boy, V., Age-related differences in foraging Little Egrets, Egretta garzetta (1988) Colonial Waterbirds, 11, pp. 100-106; Cramp, S., Simmons, K.E.L., (1977) The Birds of the Western Palearctic, 1. , Oxford: Oxford University Press; Dimalexis, A., Pyrovetsi, M., Sgardelis, S., Foraging ecology of the Grey Heron (Ardea cinerea), Great Egret (Ardea alba) and Little Egret (Egretta garzetta) in response to habitat, at 2 Greek wetlands (1997) Colonial Waterbirds, 20, pp. 261-272; Draulans, D., The effect of prey density on foraging behaviour and success of adult and first-year Grey Herons (Ardea cinerea) (1987) Journal of Animal Ecology, 56, pp. 479-493; Draulans, D., van Vessem, J., Age-related differences in the use of time and space by radio-tagged Grey Herons (Ardea cinerea) in winter (1985) Journal of Animal Ecology, 54, pp. 771-780; Erwin, R.M., Foraging decisions, patch use, and seasonality in egrets (Aves: Ciconiiformes) (1985) Ecology, 66, pp. 837-844; Erwin, R.M., Hafner, H., Dugan, P., Differences in the feeding behavior of Little Egrets (Egretta garzetta) in two habitats in the Camargue, France (1985) Wilson Bulletin, 97, pp. 534-538; Fasola, M., Activity rhythm and feeding success of nesting Night Herons Nycticorax nycticorax (1984) Ardea, 72, pp. 217-222; Fasola, M., Resource use of foraging herons in agricultural and nonagricultural habitats in Italy (1986) Colonial Waterbirds, 9, pp. 139-148; Fasola, M., Opportunistic use of foraging resources by heron communities in southern Europe (1994) Ecography, 17, pp. 113-123; Forbes, L.S., Feeding behaviour of Great Blue Herons at Creston, British Columbia (1987) Canadian Journal of Zoology, 65, pp. 3062-3067; Hafner, H., Boy, V., Gory, G., Feeding methods, flock size and feeding success in the Little Egret Egretta garzetta and the Squacco Heron Ardeola ralloides in Camargue, southern France (1982) Ardea, 70, pp. 45-54; Hafner, H., Dugan, P.J., Boy, V., Use of artificial and natural wetlands as feeding sites by Little Egrets (Egretta garzetta L.) in the Camargue, southern France (1986) Colonial Waterbirds, 9, pp. 149-154; Hafner, H., Dugan, P.J., Kersten, M., Pineau, O., Wallace, J.P., Flock feeding and food intake in Little Egrets Egretta garzetta and their effects on food provisioning and reproductive success (1993) Ibis, 135, pp. 25-32; Kazantzidis, S., Goutner, V., Foraging ecology and conservation of feeding habitats of Little Egrets (Egretta garzetta) in the Axios river delta, Macedonia, Greece (1996) Colonial Waterbirds, 19, pp. 115-121. , (Special Publication 1); Kent, D.M., Behavior, habitat use, and food of three egrets in a marine habitat (1986) Colonial Waterbirds, 9, pp. 25-30; Kent, D.M., Foraging efficiency of sympatric egrets (1986) Colonial Waterbirds, 9, pp. 81-85; Kent, D.M., Effects of varying behavior and habitat on the striking efficiency of egrets (1987) Colonial Waterbirds, 10, pp. 115-119; Kersten, M., Britton, R.H., Dugan, P.J., Hafner, H., Flock feeding and food intake in Little Egrets: The effects of prey distribution and behaviour (1991) Journal of Animal Ecology, 60, pp. 241-252; Kushlan, J.A., Feeding behavior of North American herons (1976) Auk, 93, pp. 86-94; Kushlan, J.A., Feeding ecology of wading birds (1978) Wading Birds, Research Report 7, pp. 249-297. , (A. Sprunt, J. C. Ogden and S. Winkler, Eds.). New York: National Audubon Society; Lo, P.L., Fordham, R.A., Seasonal and diurnal time budgets and feeding intensity of the White-faced Heron in pasture (1986) Notornis, 33, pp. 233-245; Maccarone, A.D., Brzorad, J.N., Wading bird foraging: Response and recovery from an oil spill (2000) Waterbirds, 23, pp. 246-257; Maccarone, A.D., Brzorad, J.N., Foraging patterns of breeding egrets at coastal and interior locations (2002) Waterbirds, 25, pp. 1-7; Maccarone, A.D., Parsons, K.C., Factors affecting the use of a freshwater and an estuarine foraging site by egrets and ibises during the breeding season in New York City (1994) Colonial Waterbirds, 17, pp. 60-68; Marion, L., Territorial feeding and colonial breeding are not mutually exclusive: The case of the Grey Heron (Ardea cinerea) (1989) Journal of Animal Ecology, 58, pp. 693-710; Matsunaga, K., Effects of tidal cycle on the feeding activity and behavior of Grey Herons in a tidal flat in Notsuke Bay, northern Japan (2000) Waterbirds, 23, pp. 226-235; Moser, M.E., Prey profitability for adult Grey Herons Ardea cinerea and the constraints on prey size when feeding young nestlings (1986) Ibis, 128, pp. 392-405; Quinney, T.E., Smith, P.C., Comparative foraging behaviour and efficiency of adult and juvenile Great Blue Herons (1980) Canadian Journal of Zoology, 58, pp. 1168-1173; Recher, H.F., Recher, J.A., Comparative foraging efficiency of adult and immature Little Blue Herons (Florida caerulea) (1969) Animal Behaviour, 17, pp. 320-322; Richardson, A.J., Taylor, I.R., Growns, J.E., The foraging ecology of egrets in rice fields in southern New South Wales, Australia (2001) Waterbirds, 24, pp. 255-264; Richner, H., Winter feeding strategies of individually marked herons (1986) Animal Behaviour, 34, pp. 881-886; Rodgers, J.A., Foraging behavior of seven species of herons in Tampa Bay, Florida (1983) Colonial Waterbirds, 6, pp. 11-23; Siegfried, W.R., Aspects of the feeding ecology of Cattle Egrets (Ardeola ibis) in South Africa (1972) Journal of Animal Ecology, 41, pp. 71-78; Strong, A.M., Bancroft, G.T., Jewell, S.D., Hydrological constraints on Tricolored Heron and Snowy Egret resource use (1997) Condor, 99, pp. 894-905; van Vessem, J., Draulans, D., Spatial distribution and time budget of radio-tagged Grey Herons, Ardea cinerea, during the breeding season (1987) Journal of Zoology, 213, pp. 507-534. , London; Voisin, C., Utilization des zones humides du delta rhodanien par les arde?ide?s (1978) L{\textquoteright} Oiseau, 48, pp. 329-380; Voisin, C., (1991) The Herons of Europe, , London: T\&AD Poyser; Wong, L.C., Corlett, R.T., Young, L., Lee, J.S.Y., Comparative feeding ecology of Little Egrets on intertidal mudflats in Hong Kong, south China (2000) Waterbirds, 23, pp. 214-225; Zar, J.H., (1996) Biostatistical Analysis, , 3rd ed. Prentice-Hall, NJ.}, month = {2005///}, pages = {28-34}, abstract = {The foraging behavior of adult and recently fledged juvenile Squacco Herons (Ardeola ralloides) was studied during the breeding season at the Axios Delta, northern Greece. Adults were more efficient foragers than young birds and they had a 37\% higher success per peck rate. The majority of adults captured some large prey items, while most juveniles caught only small prey. A comparison between the two age classes, as well as seasonal trends in adult data, indicated a negative association between prey size and foraging rates. Adult and juvenile foraging behavior did not vary significantly between morning and evening. Herons that moved faster also had higher pecking and capture rates, but a lower success ratio. Moving rate did not appear to be correlated with prey size. Herons moved at a slower rate along the edge of dense reed beds, probably in response to this habitat{\textquoteright}s physical structure. Adults caught a greater proportion large prey items in open-water areas than in areas with more vegetation.}, keywords = {Ardeola ralloides, Aves, Foraging behavior, Foraging success, Greece, Peck rate, Squacco heron}, author = {Papakostas, G. and Kazantzidis, S. and Goutner, V. and Charalambidou, I.} } @article {7552, title = {Foraging ecology and conservation of feeding habitats of Little Egrets (Egretta garzetta) in the Axios River Delta, Macedonia, Greece}, journal = {Colonial WaterbirdsColonial Waterbirds}, volume = {19}, number = {Suppl.1}, year = {1996}, note = {TY - JOURCited By (since 1996): 12Export Date: 8 September 2006Source: ScopusReferences: Erwin, R.M., Hafner, H., Dugan, P.J., Differences in the feeding behavior of Little Egrets (Egretta garzetta) in two habitats in the Camargue, France (1985) Wilson Bulletin, 97, pp. 534-538; Fasola, M., Feeding dispersion in the Night Heron Nycticorax nycticorax and Little Egret Egretta garzetta and the information centre hypothesis (1982) Bollettino Zoologia, 49, pp. 177-186; Fasola, M., Resource use of foraging herons in agricultural and nonagricultural habitats in Italy (1986) Colonial Waterbirds, 9, pp. 139-148; Fasola, M., Alien, R., Conservation of heronrysites in North Italian agricultural landscapes (1992) Biological Conservation, 62, pp. 219-228; Fasola, M., Ghidini, M., Use of feeding habitat by breeding Night Heron and Little Egret (1983) Avocetta, 7, pp. 29-36; Hafner, H., Dugan, P.J., Boy, V., Use of artificial and natural wetlands as feeding sites by Little Egrets (Egretta garzetta L.) in the Camargue Southern France (1986) Colonial Waterbirds, 9, pp. 149-154; Hafner, H., Fasola, M., The relationship between feeding habitat and colonially nesting Ardeidae (1992) Managing Mediterranean Wetlands and Their Birds, pp. 194-201. , (C. M. Finlayson, G. E. Hollis, and T. J. Davis, Eds.). International Waterfowl and Wetlands Research Bureau Special Publication No. 20, Slimbridge, UK; Kersten, M., Britton, R.H., Dugan, P.J., Hafner, H., Flock feeding and food intake in Little Egrets: The effects of prey distribution and behavior (1991) Journal of Animal Ecology, 60, pp. 241-252; Tsachalidis, E., (1990) Biology and Behavioral Ecology of Little Egret (Egretta Garzetta) in the Artificial Lake Kerkini, Serres, , Ph.D. dissertation, Aristotelian University of Thessaloniki, Greece.}, month = {1996///}, pages = {115-121}, abstract = {From 1988 to 1990, Little Egrets (Egretta garzetta) used all available feeding habitats in the study area, i.e., saltmarshes, freshwater habitats and rice fields (breeding season primarily). Freshwater habitats were preferred during pre-breeding, breeding and post-breeding periods. However, foraging success there was generally lower than in other habitats; a considerable part of the Little Egret population simply used this habitat type without feeding possibly due to manmade habitat alterations that took place during the study period. Saltmarshes were an important habitat: Little Egrets foraged exclusively there in March, and in the pre- and post-breeding periods foraging success was generally higher than in other freshwater habitats. In rice fields, Little Egrets had a generally greater foraging success than in the other habitats in two of the three study years. Conservation of feeding habitats should include prey management and protection from further habitat degradation.}, keywords = {Aves, Axios River, Egretta garzetta, Feeding habitats, Foraging ecology, Greece, Little Egret, Macedonia, wetland}, author = {Kazantzidis, S. and Goutner, V.} } @article {7557, title = {Comparative nest site selection and breeding success in 2 sympatric ardeids, Black-crowned Night-Heron (Nycticorax nycticorax) and Little Egret (Egretta garzetta) in the Axios Delta, Macedonia, Greece}, journal = {Colonial WaterbirdsColonial Waterbirds}, volume = {20}, number = {3}, year = {1997}, note = {TY - JOURCited By (since 1996): 11Export Date: 7 September 2006Source: ScopusReferences: Allieri, R., Gariboldi, A., Fasola, M., Breeding habitat requirements of herons in the Central Po Valley (1988) Naturalista Sicil. S. IV XII (Supplement), pp. 29-32; Arendt, J.W., Arendt, I.A., Aspects of the breeding biology of the Cattle Egret (Bubulcus ibis) in Montserrat, West Indies, and its impact on the nest vegetation (1988) Colonial Waterbirds, 11, pp. 72-84; Ashkenazi, S., Yom-Tov, Y., Herons and fish farming in the Huleh Valley, Israel: Conflict or mutual benefit? (1996) Colonial Waterbirds, 19, pp. 143-151. , Ecology, conservation, and management of colonial waterbirds in the Mediterranean region (A. J. Crivelli, H. Hafner, M. Fasola, R. M. Erwin, and D. A. McCrimmon, Jr., Eds.). (Special Publication 1); Athanassiou, H., (1990) Wetland Habitat Loss in Thessaloniki Plain, Greece, , M.Sc. thesis, University College, London; Baxter, G.S., The influence of synchronous breeding, natal tree position and rainfall on egret nesting success (1994) Colonial Waterbirds, 17, pp. 120-129; Bayer, D.R., McMahon, E., Colony sizes and hatching synchrony of Great Blue Herons in coastal Oregon (1981) Murrellet, 62, pp. 73-79; Beaver, D.L., Osborn, R.G., Custer, T.W., Nestsite and colony characteristics of wading birds in selected Atlantic coast colonies (1980) Wilson Bulletin, 92, pp. 200-220; Burger, J., Resource Partitioning: Nest site selection in mixed species colonies of herons, egrets and ibises (1979) American Midland Naturalist, 101, pp. 191-210; Burger, J., Habitat selection in temperate marshnesting birds (1985) Habitat Selection in Birds, pp. 253-280. , (M. Cody, Ed.). Academic Press, New York; Burger, J., Gochfeld, M., Vertical nest stratification in a heronry in Madagascar (1990) Colonial Waterbirds, 13, pp. 143-146; Cramp, S., Simmons, K.E.L., The birds of western Palearctic (1977) Handbook of the Birds of Europe, the middle East and North Africa, , Oxford University Press, Oxford; Crivelli, A.J., Jerrentrup, H., Hallmann, B., Preliminary results of a complete census of breeding colonial wading birds in Greece in spring 1985-1986 (1988) Hellenic Ornithological Society Newsletter, 4, pp. 31-32; Custer, T.W., Hensler, G.L., Kaiser, T.E., Clutch size, reproductive success, and organochlorine contaminants in Atlantic coast Black-crowned Night-Herons (1983) Auk, 100, pp. 699-710; Fasola, M., Opportunistic use of foraging resources by heron communities in southern Europe (1994) Ecography, 17, pp. 113-123; Fasola, M., Allieri, R., Conservation of heronry Ardeidae sites in North Italian agricultural landscapes (1992) Biological Conservation, 62, pp. 219-228; Fasola, M., Allieri, R., Nest site characteristics in relation to body size in herons in Italy (1992) Colonial Waterbirds, 15, pp. 185-191; Findholt, S.L., Trost, C.H., Organochlorine pollutants, eggshell thickness and reproductive success of Black-crowned Night Herons in Idaho, 1979 (1985) Colonial Waterbirds, 8, pp. 32-41; Frederick, C.P., Collopy, W.M., Nesting success of five ciconiiform species in relation to water conditions in the Florida Everglades (1989) Auk, 106, pp. 625-634; Gibbs, J.P., Woodward, S., Hunter, M.L., Hutchinson, A.E., Determinants of Great Blue Heron colony distribution in coastal Maine (1987) Auk, 104, pp. 38-47; Grimmet, R.F.A., Jones, T.A., Important bird areas in Europe (1989) Technical Publication, 9. , International Council for Bird Preservation: Cambridge, UK; Hafner, H., (1977) Contribution a l{\textquoteright}E?tude E?cologique de Quatre Especes des He?rons (Egretta G. Garzetta L., Ardeola R. Ralloides Scop., Ardeola I. Ibis L., Nycticorax N. Nycticorax L.) Pendant Leur Nidification en Camargue, , These a l{\textquoteright}Universite? de Toulouse, France; Hafner, H., Etude e?cologique des colonies des he?rons arboricoles (Egretta g. garzetta L., Ardeola r. ralloides Scop., Ardeola i. ibis L., Nycticorax n. nycticorax L.) en Camargue (1980) Bonner Zoologische Beitrage, 31, pp. 249-287; Hafner, H., Fasola, M., The relationship between feeding habitat and colonially nesting Ardeidae (1992) International Wildlife Research Bureau, Special Publication, 20, pp. 194-201. , Managing Mediterranean wetlands and their birds (C. M. Finlayson, G. E. Hollis and T. J. Davis, Eds.). Slimbridge, UK; Hafner, H., Kayser, Y., Pineau, O., Ecological determinants of annual fluctuations in numbers of breeding Little Egrets Egretla garzetta in the Camargue, S. France (1994) Revue Ecologie (Terre et Vie), 49, pp. 53-62; Hoffman, D.R., Prince, H.H., Vegetative structure and nest distribution in a Black-crowned Night Heron heronry (1975) Jack-Pine Warbler, 53, pp. 95-99; Inoue, Y., The process of asynchronous hatching and sibling competition in the Little Egret (Egretla garzetta) (1985) Colonial Waterbirds, 8, pp. 1-12; Jenni, A.D., A study of the ecology of four species of herons during the breeding period at Lake Alice, Alachua County, Florida (1969) Ecological Monographs, 39, pp. 245-270; Kazantzidis, S., Goutner, V., Foraging ecology and conservation of feeding habitats of Little Egrets (Egretta garzetta) in the Axios river delta, Macedonia, Greece (1996) Colonial Waterbirds, 19, pp. 115-121. , Ecology, conservation, and management of colonial waterbirds in the Mediterranean region (A. J. Crivelli, H. Hafner, M. Fasola, R. M. Erwin, and D. A. McCrimmon, Jr., Eds.). (Special Publication 1); Kazantzidis, S., Hafner, H., Goutner, V., Comparative breeding ecology of the Little Egret (Egretta g. garzetta) in the Axios delta (Greece) and the Camargue (France) (1996) Revue Ecologie (Terre et Vie), 51, pp. 313-327; Kelly, J.P., Pratt, H.M., Greene, P.L., The distribution, reproductive success, and habitat characteristics of heron and egret breeding colonies in the San Francisco Bay area (1993) Colonial Waterbirds, 16, pp. 18-27; Ludvig, E., Vanicsek, L., Torok, J., Csorgo, T., The effect of nest-height on the seasonal pattern of breeding success in Blackbirds Turdus merula (1995) Ardea, 83, pp. 411-418; Maxwell II, G.R., Kale II, H.W., Breeding biology of five species of herons in coastal Florida (1977) Auk, 94, pp. 689-700; McCrimmon Jr., D.A., Nest site characteristics among five species of herons on the North Carolina coast (1978) Auk, 95, pp. 267-280; McNiel, R., Leger, C., Nest-site quality and reproductive success of early and late nesting Doublecrested Cormorants (1987) Wilson Bulletin, 99, pp. 262-267; Owen, D.F., The nesting success of the heron Ardea cinerea in relation to the availability of food (1960) Journal of Zoology, 133, pp. 597-617; Parsons, K.C., Heron nesting at Pea Patch Island, Upper Delaware Bay, USA: Abundance and reproductive success (1995) Colonial Waterbirds, 18, pp. 69-78; Perennou, C., Sadoul, N., Pineau, O., Johnson, A.R., Hafner, H., Management of nest sites for colonial waterbirds (1996) Conservation of Mediterranean Wetlands, 4. , Tour du Valat, Arles, France; Prosper, J., Hafner, H., Breeding aspects of the colonial ardeidae in the Albufera de Valencia, Spain: Population changes, phenology and reproductive success of the three most abundant species (1996) Colonial Waterbirds, 19, pp. 98-107. , Ecology, conservation, and management of colonial waterbirds in the Mediterranean region (A. J. Crivelli, H. Hafner, M. Fasola, R. M. Erwin, and D. A. McCrimmon, Jr., Eds.). (Special Publication 1); Pratt, H.M., Winkler, D.W., Clutch size, timing of laying and reproductive success in a colony of Great Blue Herons and Great Egrets (1985) Auk, 102, pp. 49-63; Prigioni, C., Galeotti, P., Fasola, M., Accrescimento dei pullie riuscita della riproduzione nella Nitticora Nycticorax nycticorax (1985) Avocetta, 9, pp. 127-133; Quinney, T.E., Growth, diet and mortality of nestling Great Blue Herons (1982) Wilson Bulletin, 94, pp. 571-577; Ranglack, S.G., Angus, R.A., Marion, K.R., Physical and temporal factors influencing breeding success of Cattle Egrets (Bubulcus ibis) in a west Alabama colony (1991) Colonial Waterbirds, 14, pp. 140-149; Rodgers Jr., A.J., Breeding chronology and reproductive success of Cattle Egrets and Little Blue Herons on the west coast of Florida, USA (1987) Colonial Waterbirds, 10, pp. 38-44; Tremblay, J., Ellison, L.N., Breeding success of the Black-crowned Night Heron in the St. Lawrence estuary (1980) Canadian Journal of Zoology, 58, pp. 1259-1263; Tsahalidis, E., (1990) Biology and Ecological Behavior of Little Egret (Egretta Garzetta) in Artificial Lake Kerkini, Serres, Greece, , Ph.D. dissertation, Aristotelian University of Thessaloniki, Greece; Tucker, G.M., Heath, M.F., Birds in Europe: Their conservation status (1994) Birdlife International. Birdlife Conservation Series, 3. , Cambridge, UK; Voisin, C., Les populations d{\textquoteright}ardeides arboricoles dans le Delta du Rhone de 1968 a 1977: Evolution des effectifs et periode de reproduction (1979) Alauda, 47, pp. 151-156; Voisin, C., (1991) The Herons of Europe, , T and A. D. Poyser Ltd., London; Wolford, J.W., Boag, D.A., Distribution and biology of Black-crowned Night Herons in Alberta (1971) Canadian Field-Naturalist, 85, pp. 13-19.}, month = {1997///}, pages = {505-517}, abstract = {We studied nest site selection and breeding success of Black-crowned Night-Herons (Nycticorax nycticorax) and Little Egrets (Egretta garzetta) in the Axios Delta (Greece) from 1988 to 1990. Both species nested above the middle of tamarisks and alders. Nest density varied each year from 333.3 nests/ha to 646.2 nests/ha for Blackcrowned Night-Herons and 291.7 nests/ha to 421.5 nests/ha for Little Egrets. Black-crowned Night-Herons started to breed earlier than Little Egrets, also placing their nests higher (mean nest height: 4.21 {\textpm} SD of 0.80 m and 3.54 {\textpm} SD of 0.71 m for Black-crowned Night-Herons and Little Egrets, respectively). The nearest neighbors were conspecifics for Black-crowned Night-Herons and heterospecifics (Black-crowned Night-Herons) for Little Egrets. The mean distance of the nearest neighbor was similar in both species (1.02 {\textpm} SD of 0.46 m and 1.11 {\textpm} SD of 0.37 m for Black-crowned Night-Herons and Little Egrets, respectively). In contrast to late-nesting Little Egrets that located their nests lower, Black-crowned Night-Herons maintained a constant nest distance from the ground. The mean clutch size (3.40 {\textpm} SD of 0.60 and 4.32 {\textpm} SD of 0.81 for Black-crowned Night-Herons and Little Egrets, respectively) and the mean chick survival per nest (2.48 {\textpm} SD of 0.95 and 2.53 {\textpm} SD of 1.28 for Black-crowned Night-Herons and Little Egrets, respectively) of both species varied among the study years. No variation was observed in the means of clutch size and chick survival per nest of Black-crowned Night-Herons among the 3 sub-periods of the breeding season. Little Egret clutch size and mean number of eggs hatched was smaller in late nesters, but no difference was observed in chick survival per nest between early and late nesters. Nest placement did not affect chick survival in Black-crowned Night-Herons and only marginally in Little Egrets.}, keywords = {Aves, Axios Delta, Black-crowned Night-Heron, Breeding success, Egretta garzetta, Greece, Little Egret, Nest site selection, Nycticorax nycticorax}, author = {Kazantzidis, S. and Goutner, V. and Pyrovetsi, M. and Sinis, A.} } @article {5344, title = {Effect of water level fluctuations on wading bird foraging habitat use at an irrigation reservoir, Lake Kerkini, Greece}, journal = {Colonial WaterbirdsColonial Waterbirds}, volume = {20}, number = {2}, year = {1997}, note = {TY - JOURCited By (since 1996): 5Export Date: 7 September 2006Source: ScopusReferences: Babalonas, D., Papastergiadou, E., The the water fern Salvinia natans (L.) All. in the Kerkini lake (North Greece) (1989) Archiv fu?r Hydrobiologie, 116, pp. 487-498; Bancroft, G.T., Status and conservation of wading birds in the Everglades (1989) American Birds, 43, pp. 1,258-1,265; Burger, J., Shisler, J., Lesser, F.H., Avian utilization of six salt marshes in Newjersey (1982) Biological Conservation, 23, pp. 187-212; Cowardin, L.M., Carter, V., Golet, F.C., LaRoe, E.T., (1979) Classification of Wetland and Deepwater Habitats of the United States, , U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Office of Biological Services, Washington, D.C., FWS/OBS-79/31; Crivelli, A.J., Grillas, P., Lacaze, B., Responses of vegetation to a rise in water level at the Kerkini reservoir (1982-1991), a Ramsar site in Northern Greece (1995) Environmental Management, 19, pp. 417-430; Crivelli, A.J., Jerrentrup, H., Nazirides, T., Grillas, P., Effects on fisheries and waterbirds of raising the water levels at the Kerkini reservoir, a Ramsar site in Northern Greece (1995) Environmental Management, 19, pp. 431-443; Custer, T.W., Osborn, R.G., Feeding habitat use by colonially breeding herons, egrets, and ibises in North Carolina (1978) Auk, 95, pp. 733-743; Dimalexis, A., Pyrovetsi, M., Resource partitioning between three species of herons, at Lake Kerkini, Greece (1993) Proceedings of 16th Conference of the Greek Biological Association, pp. 321-323. , Volos, Greece; Erwin, R.M., Feeding behavior and ecology of colonial waterbirds: A synthesis and concluding comments (1983) Colonial Waterbirds, 6, pp. 73-82; Hafner, H., Fasola, M., The relationship between feeding habitat and colonially nesting Ardeidae (1992) Proceedings of an IWRB International Symposium in Managing Mediterranean Wetlands and Their Birds, pp. 194-201. , Grado, Italy, February 1991; (1987) Directory of Wetlands of International Importance, , Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK; Jerrentrup, H., The fauna of the Lake Kerkini wetland (1990) Proceedings of a 1989 Workshop on Greek Wetlands, pp. 317-328. , (P. Gerakis, Ed.), Thessaloniki, Greece; Kushlan, J.A., Wading birds predation in a seasonally fluctuating pond (1976) Auk, 93, pp. 464-476; Kushlan, J.A., Feeding ecology of wading birds (1978) Wading Birds, pp. 249-295. , (A. Sprunt, J. C. Odgen and S. Winckler, Eds.). Research Report No. 7, National Audubon Society, New York; Kushlan, J.A., Resource use strategies of wading birds (1981) Wilson Bulletin, 93, pp. 145-163; Kushlan, J.A., Responses of wading birds to seasonally fluctuating water levels: Strategies and their limits (1986) Colonial Waterbirds, 9, pp. 155-162; Kushlan, J.A., Colonial waterbirds as bioindicators of environmental change (1993) Colonial Waterbirds, 16, pp. 223-251; Papanastasis, V., Natural vegetation of the Lake Kerkini (1989) Proceedings of a 1989 Workshop on Greek Wetlands, pp. 257-261. , (P. 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Skordas and M. Anagnostopoulou, Eds.), Greek Biotope/Wetland Center (EKBY), Thessaloniki, Greece; Tsachalidis, E.P., (1990) Reproductive Biology and Behavioral Ecology of Little Egret (Egretta Garzetta) in the Artificial Lake Kerkini, Serres, , Ph.D. thesis, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece (in Greek); Vouvalidis, C., (1991) Limnological Study of Lake Kerkini, , Graduate thesis, University of Thessaloniki, Greece (in Greek).}, month = {1997///}, pages = {244-252}, abstract = {Lake Kerkini, a Ramsar site in Macedonia, Greece, is an irrigation reservoir with water level fluctuations exceeding 5 m annually. We determined the effect of water level fluctuations on the area of available Ciconiiformes{\textquoteright} foraging habitat at low, intermediate and high lake stages. Log-linear analysis assessed the changes in the patterns of foraging habitat use by Great Egrets, Little Egrets and Grey Herons in response to the interactions of foraging habitat type and lake stage. At low lake stage Ciconiiformes mainly foraged in non-vegetated habitats or in lacustrine and palustrine habitats with submerged vegetation, while at intermediate lake stages they used palustrine habitats with emergent or submerged vegetation. At high lake stage birds shifted to riverine habitats that constituted the main available foraging grounds. The coexistence of three wetland systems enhances habitat heterogeneity at Lake Kerkini and enables large heron populations to thrive, despite the relatively small foraging area compared to other Mediterranean wetlands. Only Great Egrets seem to face constraints related to the limited availability of marshes - habitats linked to the species feeding and nesting requirements - during the breeding period.}, keywords = {Ardea alba, Ardea cinerea, Aves, Ciconiiformes, Egretta garzetta, Foraging habitat, Greece, Impoundment, Lake Kerkini, Wading birds}, author = {Dimalexis, A. and Pyrovetsi, M.} } @article {5345, title = {Foraging ecology of the Grey Heron (Ardea cinerea), Great Egret (Ardea alba) and Little Egret (Egretta garzetta) in response to habitat, at 2 Greek wetlands}, journal = {Colonial WaterbirdsColonial Waterbirds}, volume = {20}, number = {2}, year = {1997}, note = {TY - JOURCited By (since 1996): 6Export Date: 7 September 2006Source: ScopusReferences: Cezilly, F., Boy, V., Age related differences in foraging Little Egrets, Egretta garzetta (1988) Colonial Waterbirds, 11, pp. 100-106; Cezilly, E., Boy, V., Hafner, H., Group foraging in Little Egrets (Egretta garzetta): From field evidence to experimental investigation (1990) Behavioural Processes, 21, pp. 69-80; Draulans, D., The effect of prey density on foraging behaviour and success of adult and first-year Grey Herons (Ardea cinerea) (1987) Journal of Animal Ecology, 56, pp. 479-493; Draulans, D., Van Vessem, J., Symons, F., Multivariate analysis of factors affecting foraging success of Grey Herons (Ardea cinerea) at a fish-farm in winter (1986) Annals of the Belgian Zoological Society, 116, pp. 247-261; Erwin, R.M., Feeding behavior and ecology of colonial waterbirds: A synthesis and concluding comments (1983) Colonial Waterbirds, 6, pp. 73-82; Erwin, R.M., Hafner, H., Dugan, P., Differences in the feeding behavior of Little Egrets (Egretta garzetta) in two habitats in the Camargue, France (1985) Wilson Bulletin, 97, pp. 534-538; Fasola, M., Resource use of foraging herons in agricultural and nonagricultural habitats in Italy (1986) Colonial Waterbirds, 9, pp. 139-148; Fasola, M., Rosa, P., Canova, L., The diets of Squacco Herons, Little Egrets, Night, Purple and Grey Herons in their Italian breeding range (1993) Revue Ecologie (Terre et Vie), 48, pp. 35-47; Hafner, H., (1977) Contribution a l{\textquoteright}Etude Ecologique de Quatre Especes de Herons (Egretta G. 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Sprunt, J. C. Ogden and S. Winckler, Eds.), Research Report No 7. National Audubon Society, New York; Kushlan, J.A., Resource use strategies of wading birds (1981) Wilson Bulletin, 93, pp. 145-163; Kushlan, J.A., Responses of wading birds to seasonally fluctuating water levels: Strategies and their limits (1986) Colonial Waterbirds, 9, pp. 155-162; Master, T.L., Frankel, M., Russell, M., Benefits of foraging in mixed species wader aggregations in a southern New Jersey saltmarsh (1993) Colonial Waterbirds, 16, pp. 149-157; Mitch, W.J., Gosselink, J.G., (1986) Wetlands, , Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York; Moser, M.E., Prey profitability for adult Grey Herons Ardea cinerea and the constraints on prey size when feeding young nestlings (1986) Ibis, 128, pp. 392-405; Norberg, R., An ecological theory on foraging time and energetics and choice of optimal foodsearching method (1977) Journal of Animal Ecology, 46, pp. 511-529; Pyrovetsi, M., Crivelli, A.J., Habitat use by waterbirds in Prespa National Park, Greece (1988) Biological Conservation, 45, pp. 135-153; Pyrovetsi, M., Papastergiadou, E., Biological conservation implications of water-level fluctuations in a wetland of international importance: Lake Kerkini, Macedonia, Greece (1992) Environmental Conservation, 19, pp. 235-244; Quinney, T.A., Smith, P.C., Comparative foraging behavior and efficiency of adult and juvenile Great Blue Herons (1980) Canadian Journal of Zoology, 58, pp. 1168-1173; Recher, H.F., Recher, J.A., Comparative foraging behavior of adult and immature Little Blue Herons (1969) Animal Behaviour, 17, pp. 320-322; Recher, H.F., Recher, J.A., Why are there different kinds of herons? (1980) Transactions of the Linnaean Society of New York, 9, pp. 135-158; Recher, H.R., Holmes, R.T., Davis Jr., W.E., Morton, S., Foraging behavior of Australian herons (1983) Colonial Waterbirds, 6, pp. 1-10; Richardson, J.R., Harris, T.T., Williges, K.A., Vegetation response to various environmental parameters in the Lake Okeechobee marsh ecosystem (1995) Archiv fur Hydrobiologie Special Issue in Advanced Limnology, 45, pp. 41-61; Rodgers Jr., J.A., Foraging behavior of seven species of herons in Tampa Bay, Florida (1983) Colonial Waterbirds, 6, pp. 11-23; Smith, J.P., Richardson, J.R., Collopy, M.W., Foraging habitat selection among wading birds (Ciconiiformes) at Lake Okeechobee, Florida, in relation to hydrology and vegetative cover (1995) Archiv fur Hydrobiologie Special Issues in Advanced Limnology, 45, pp. 247-285; Sokal, R.R., Rohlf, F.J., (1981) Biometry, 2nd Ed., , Freeman, New York; Tatarakis, E., Fisheries management at Lake Kerkini (1995) Sustainable Management of the Water of Lake Kerkini, pp. 97-108. , (K. Skordas and M. Anagnostopoulou, Eds.). Greek Biotope/Wetland Centre (EKBY), Thessaloniki, Greece; Van Vessem, J., Draulans, D., Spatial distribution and time budget of radio-tagged Grey Herons Ardea cinerea, during the breeding season (1987) Journal of Zoology, 213, pp. 507-534; Wiggins, D.A., Foraging success and aggression in solitary and group feeding Great Egrets (Casmerodius albus) (1991) Colonial Waterbirds, 14, pp. 176-179.}, month = {1997///}, pages = {261-272}, abstract = {We studied the responses of 3 heron species, Grey Heron (Ardea cinerea), Great Egret (A. alba) and Little Egret (Egretta garzella) to different foraging habitats in 2 Greek wetlands of international importance, Lakes Mikri Prespa and Kerkini, These lakes are different in their hydrology, productivity and vegetation cover. Parameters of foraging tactics - such as strike rate, foraging effort expended per min and effort expended per strike - as well as parameters of foraging efficiency - such as striking efficiency, captures per unit effort and biomass intake per unit effort - were analyzed in relation to habitat and lake. Each species adopted different tactics and achieved variable efficiencies in response to the particular lake, habitat conditions and prey characteristics. Little Egrets revealed the greatest plasticity in their foraging repertoire, especially with regard to their mobility and prey preference. Great Egrets and Grey Herons consumed larger amounts of biomass per unit effort than did Little Egrets, with Great Egrets achieving the highest striking efficiency. Riverine habitats proved to be more profitable than marshes for all 3 species, while wet meadows seemed to play a complementary role for herons{\textquoteright} foraging.}, keywords = {Ardea alba, Ardea cinerea, Aves, Egretta garzetta, Foraging behavior, Foraging efficiency, Foraging habitat, Greece, Lake Kerkini, Lake Prespa, Wading birds}, author = {Dimalexis, A. and Pyrovetsi, M. and Sgardelis, S.} }