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Additional instances of variation in this Rb system include individuals with 2n = 31 and 32 of variable Rb constitution and hybrids between the Rb races with 2n = 30 and 2n = 24. In southern Peloponnisos, Rb(10.14) was found in either a homozygous or a heterozygous state (2n = 38 or 39). The relationships among the Rb populations of Peloponnisos are discussed and hypotheses for their evolution are proposed. Rb variation was also recorded in two new locations of eastern Sterea Ellas (2n = 28 and 29) and one in Ipiros, north-west Greece (2n = 38). These findings corroborate the existence of two separate Rb systems in those two areas. Moreover, among a number of islands surveyed, Rb variation was only found in Kythira island, with Rb(10.14) in a heterozygous state (2n = 39). Finally, the typical all-acrocentric karyotype (2n = 40) was found in 51 of the animals studied from 13 localities. {\textcopyright} 2005 The Linnean Society of London.}, keywords = {Chromosomal speciation, Contact zones, evolution, House mouse, hybridization, Mammalia, Monobrachial homology, Robertsonian fusion, Robertsonian race, Robertsonian system}, author = {Mitsainas, G.P. and Giagia-Athanasopoulou, E.B.} } @article {15558, title = {Taxonomy, evolutionary history and biogeography of the broad-toothed field mouse (Apodemus mystacinus) in the eastern Mediterranean area based on mitochondrial and nuclear genes}, journal = {Biological Journal of the Linnean SocietyBiological Journal of the Linnean Society}, volume = {85}, number = {1}, year = {2005}, note = {Times Cited: 2ArticleEnglishCited References Count: 52925wm}, month = {MAY}, pages = {53-63}, abstract = {The broad-toothed field mouse (Apodemus mystacinus) is distributed throughout the Balkan Peninsula, Asia Minor and the Middle East. It is generally split into two different specific entities: Apodemus epimelas occurs on the Balkan Peninsula and A. mystacinus inhabits Asia Minor and the Middle East. This analysis, based on two mitochondrial regions (cytochrome b and the D-loop) and the interstitial retinol binding protein (IRBP) nuclear gene, confirms an important level of genetic divergence between the animals from these regions and their separation from each other at least 4.2-5.1 Mya, which is in favour of a distinct specific status. Finally, the broad-toothed field mice from southwestern Turkey appear to be closely related to the animals from Crete but highly distinct from the populations of the other Oriental regions. This supports a distinct subspecific level (A. m. rhodius) for the insular animals and also for those from south-western Turkey. From a biogeographical point of view, it can be assumed that either late Pliocene or early Pleistocene cooling led to the isolation of two main groups of A. mystacinus, one in the Balkan region and the other one in Turkey and the Near East (Syria and Israel). In this region, it is suggested that a more recent event appeared during the Quaternary period, isolating broad-toothed field mice in Crete and leading to the appearance of two well-differentiated genetic groups: one in Crete and south-western Turkey, and the other widespread in northern and eastern Turkey as well as in the Near East. \© 2005 The Linnean Society of London.}, keywords = {cytochrome-b sequences, divergence, DNA, eastern mediterranean region, genus apodemus, irbp nuclear gene, Mammalia, Mitochondrial control region, mitochondrial cytochrome b gene, Molecular Phylogeny , Muridae, Pliocene, Rattus, Rodentia, vertebrates}, author = {Michaux, J. and Bellinvia, E. and Lymberakis, P.} } @article {13060, title = {Mitochondrial DNA polymorphisms of the house mouse Mus musculus domesticus from Greece, focusing on the Robertsonian chromosomal system of north-west Peloponnese}, journal = {Biological Journal of the Linnean SocietyBiological Journal of the Linnean Society}, volume = {84}, number = {3}, year = {2005}, note = {Cited By (since 1996): 5Export Date: 4 September 2006Source: ScopusReferences: Anderson, S., Bankier, A.T., Barrell, B.G., Debruijn, M.H.L., Coulson, A.R., Drouin, J., Eperon, I.C., (...), Young, I.G., Sequence and organization of the human mitochondrial genome (1981) Nature, 290, pp. 457-465; Beltrami, M.L., Ferri, E., Redi, C.A., Rate of meiotic malsegregation in hybrid mice: Evaluation by microdensitometric measurement of spermatozoal Feulgen-DNA content (1980) Rendiconti Della Clase di Scienze Fisiche, Matematiche E Naturali, Serie VIII, 68, pp. 81-85; Berry, R.J., Triggs, G.S., King, P., Nash, H.R., Noble, L.R., Hybridization and gene flow in house mice introduced into an existing population on an island (1991) Journal of Zoology, 225, pp. 615-632; Bibb, M.J., Vanetten, R.A., Wright, C.T., Walberg, M.W., Clayton, D.A., Sequence and gene organization of mouse mitochondrial DNA (1981) Cell, 26, pp. 167-180; Boursot, P., Auffray, J.-C., Britton-Davidian, J., Bonhomme, F., The evolution of house mice (1993) Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, 24, pp. 119-152; Boursot, P., Din, W., Anand, R., Darviche, D., Dod, B., Von Deimling, F., Talwar, G.P., Bonhomme, F., Origin and radiation of the house mouse: Mitochondrial DNA phylogeny (1996) Journal of Evolutionary Biology, 9, pp. 391-415; Britton-Davidian, J., Genic differentiation in M. m. domesticus populations from Europe, the Middle East and North Africa - Geographic patterns and colonization events (1990) Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 41, pp. 27-45; Britton-Davidian, J., Bonhomme, F., Croset, H., Capanna, E., Thaler, L., Genetic variation in house mouse populations characterized by different karyotypes (1980) Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Seances de L{\textquoteright}Academie des Sciences Serie D, 290, pp. 195-198; Britton-Davidian, J., Catalan, J., Belkhir, K., Chromosomal and allozyme analysis of a hybrid zone between parapatric Robertsonian races of the house mouse: A case of monobrachial homology (2002) Cytogenetic and Genome Research, 96, pp. 75-84; Britton-Davidian, J., Nadeau, J.H., Croset, H., Thaler, L., Genic differentiation and origin of Robertsonian populations of the house mouse (Mus musculus domesticus, Rutty) (1989) Genetical Research, 53, pp. 29-44; Britton-Davidian, J., Sonjaya, H., Catalan, J., Cattaneoberrebi, G., Robertsonian heterozygosity in wild mice - Fertility and transmission rates in Rb (16.17) translocation heterozygotes (1990) Genetica, 80, pp. 171-174; Capanna, E., Chromosomal rearrangement and speciation in progress in Mus musculus (1980) Folia Zoologica, 29, pp. 43-57; Capanna, E., Robertsonian numerical variation in animal speciation. 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There is therefore no indication that the Robertsonian populations were formed during a prolonged period of geographical isolation. {\textcopyright} 2005 The Linnean Society of London.}, keywords = {Chromosome race, D-loop, Mammalia, Pro-tRNA, The-tRNA}, author = {Tryfonopoulos, G.A. and Chondropoulos, B.P. and Fraguedakis-Tsolis, S.E.} } @article {12792, title = {mtDNA variation and evaluation of phylogenetic relationships among karyotypically polymorphic populations of Microtus (Terricola) thomasi (Arvicolidae, Rodentia) from Greece}, journal = {Biological Journal of the Linnean SocietyBiological Journal of the Linnean Society}, volume = {84}, number = {1}, year = {2005}, note = {Export Date: 4 September 2006Source: ScopusReferences: Arbogast, B.S., Kenagy, G.J., Comparative phylogeography as an integrative approach to historical biogeography (2001) Journal of Biogeography, 28, pp. 819-825; Avise, J.C., Ten unorthodox perspectives on evolution prompted by comparative population genetic findings on mitochondrial DNA (1991) Annual Reviews on Genetics, 25, pp. 45-69; Avise, J.C., (1994) Molecular Markers, Natural History and Evolution, , New York: Chapman \& Hall; Avise, J.C., (2000) Phylogeography: The History and Formation of Species, , Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press; Avise, J.C., Arnold, J., Ball, R.M., Bermingham, E., Lamb, T., Neigel, J.E., Reeb, C.A., Saunders, N.C., Intraspecific phylogeography: The mitochondrial bridge between population genetics and systematics (1987) Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, 18, pp. 489-522; Avise, J.C., Lansman, R.A., Shade, R.O., The use of restriction endonucleases to measure mitochondrial DNA sequences relatedness in natural populations. 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In order to test the significance of geographical isolation and/ or karyological differences in microevolutionary processes at the intraspecific level we used restriction enzymes and partial sequencing to study the polymorphism of the mtDNA D-loop control region in ten Greek populations. An overall high rate of both inter- and intrapopulation polymorphism was observed. The mtDNA diversity was unevenly distributed so that most of the populations studied were very similar and closely related, and only a few of them were clearly differentiated from the others. The mtDNA analysis failed to reveal any clear variation pattern that could be correlated with karyotypic forms or geographical proximity of the populations studied. Instead, the mtDNA phylogeny gave evidence in support of the coexistence of non-polymorphic (2n = 44) and polymorphic (2n < 44) karyotypic forms within the ancestral Greek M. (T.) thomasi stock. Interestingly, only one population (Agios Stefanos) seemed to significantly diverge from all the others in both methods used, forming a well-supported paraphyletic clade. Allozymic studies have already reported similar results, corroborating the genetic peculiarity of this population. {\textcopyright} 2005 The Linnean Society of London.}, keywords = {D-loop, Karyotypic forms, Mammalia, phylogeny, RFLPs, sequencing}, author = {Thanou, E. and Fraguedakis-Tsolis, S. and Chondropoulos, B.} } @article {10616, title = {Isolation and amplification of shrew DNA from barn owl pellets}, journal = {Biological Journal of the Linnean SocietyBiological Journal of the Linnean Society}, volume = {85}, number = {3}, year = {2005}, pages = {331-340}, publisher = {Blackwell Synergy}, keywords = {Mammalia}, author = {Poulakakis, N. and Lymberakis, P. and Paragamian, K. and Mylonas, M.} } @article {10415, title = {Chromosomal variation in the house mouse}, journal = {Biological Journal of the Linnean SocietyBiological Journal of the Linnean Society}, volume = {84}, number = {3}, year = {2005}, note = {Cited By (since 1996): 13Export Date: 4 September 2006Source: ScopusReferences: Adolph, S., Robertsonsche Translokationen bei wu?rttembergischen Hausma?usen (Mus musculus domesticus). 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In this review we discuss the processes behind the origin and fixation of these rearrangements and then present a unified list of all known metacentric populations and evaluate their phylogenetic relationships. Eleven independent phylogeographical {\textquoteright}systems{\textquoteright}, each consisting of 2-25 metacentric populations, were identified in Scotland, Denmark, Northern Europe-Northern Switzerland, Southern Switzerland, Northern Italy, Croatia, Spain, Central-Southern Italy, Peloponnesus, Mainland Greece and Madeira. There are six isolated metacentric populations that do not belong to any of these systems. To generate phylogenies of the metacentric populations within each system, we determined those outcomes with the fewest steps regarding accumulation of metacentrics by Rb fusions, WARTs and zonal raciation and taking into account geographical proximity. These phylogenies should be viewed as working hypotheses that will be refined with further chromosomal and molecular data and improvements in methods of phylogenetic reconstruction. The list of metacentric populations and our phylogenies are also published electronically and can be accessed at http://www.studenec.ivb.cz/Projects/ RobertsonianMice/. {\textcopyright} 2005 The Linnean Society of London.}, keywords = {Chromosomal evolution, Hybrid zone, Mammalia, Mus musculus domesticus, phylogeny, Robertsonian fusions, Whole-arm reciprocal translocation, Zonal raciation}, author = {Pialek, J. and Hauffe, H.C. and Searle, J.B.} } @article {8841, title = {Genetic diversity and phylogeography of the European roe deer: the refuge area theory revisited}, journal = {Biological Journal of the Linnean SocietyBiological Journal of the Linnean Society}, volume = {88}, number = {1}, year = {2006}, pages = {85-100}, publisher = {Blackwell Synergy}, abstract = {The extant taxa of central and northern Europe are commonly believed to derive from Pleistocene ancestors, who moved to the north from three separate glacial refugia: the Iberian and Italian peninsulae, as well as the southern Balkans. The issue of postglacial dispersal patterns was addressed through the investigation of population structure and phylogeography of the European roe deer, Capreolus capreolus. The genetic diversity in 376 individuals representing 14 allegedly native populations across their European range was assessed, using ten autosomal microsatellite loci and restriction fragment length polymorphisms of the mitochondrial D-loop and NADH dehydrogenase 1 gene segments. Our results suggest the existence of three major genetic lineages of roe deer in Europe. One comprises populations in the south-western limit of the species{\textquoteright} distribution (i.e. Iberia), where an internal substructure splits a northern from a southern sublineage. A second lineage includes populations of southern and eastern Europe, as well as a separate sublineage sampled in central-southern Italy, where the existence of the subspecies Capreolus c. italicus was supported. In central-northern Europe, a third lineage is present, which appeared genetically rather homogeneous, although admixed, and equally divergent from both the eastern and western lineages. Current patterns of intraspecific genetic variation suggest that postglacial recolonization routes of this cervid to northern Europe could be due to range expansion from one or more refugia in central-eastern Europe, rather than proceeding from the Mediterranean areas}, keywords = {Mammalia}, author = {Lorenzini, R. and Lovari, S.} } @article {3621, title = {Molecular taxonomy and phylogeography of Miniopterus schreibersii (Kuhl, 1817) (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae), in the Eurasian transition}, journal = {Biological Journal of the Linnean SocietyBiological Journal of the Linnean Society}, volume = {87}, number = {4}, year = {2006}, pages = {577}, publisher = {Blackwell Synergy}, abstract = {Miniopterus schreibersii is a polytypic bat species, with one of the widest distribution ranges among the mammals. We studied the genetic differentiation and taxonomy of this species in the transition zone between south-eastern Europe and Anatolia (in Asia), where two subspecies have been described. The results indicated a sharp genetic break between the samples from western Anatolia and south-eastern Europe and those of eastern Anatolia. In addition, the samples from western Anatolia and south-eastern Europe were seen to be reciprocally monophyletic, although the differentiation was less drastic. These patterns of genetic differentiation suggest the presence of two distinct groups within the M. schreibersii complex in the region, concordant with previous subspecific recognition. The cause of this genetic break is most likely differentiation in separate glacial refugia followed by secondary contact. However, more samples are needed to assess whether these represent different species, as well as to understand more clearly the causes of this differentiation. }, keywords = {Mammalia}, author = {Bilgin, R. and Karatas, A. and Coraman, E. and Pandurski, I. and Papadatou, E. and Morales, J. C.} }