@article {5862,
	title = {Comparative assessment of the field-susceptibility of <i>Sesamia nonagrioides </i>to the Cry1Ab toxin in areas with different adoption rates of Bt maize and in Bt-free areas},
	journal = {Crop ProtectionCrop ProtectionCrop Protection},
	volume = {30},
	number = {7},
	year = {2011},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 775YOTimes Cited: 1Cited Reference Count: 36},
	month = {Jul},
	pages = {902-906},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {A three year (2003-2005) field study compared the susceptibility to the Cry1Ab toxin, expressed in Bt maize, of Mediterranean corn borer (MCB) Sesamia nonagrioides populations collected from areas with different adoption rates of Bt maize in Spain with Bt-free areas in Greece. Spain is the only European country where the cultivar Compa CB derived from the event Bt176 was commercially grown, from 1998 to 2005. The large decrease of the titer of the toxin in this cultivar at later growth stages represented the worst-case scenario for resistance development of MCB, since larvae of the second and third generations were exposed to sublethal concentrations of Cry1Ab toxin. Our data revealed that the variation in susceptibility to Cry1Ab for the MCB Spanish field populations analyzed in the three years was very low, with LC(50) values fluctuating between 12 and 30 ngCry1Ab/cm(2), regardless of the region of origin, the type of maize (Bt or non-Bt) and the year. Furthermore, no significant differences were found when comparisons were made with a laboratory population (LC(50) values: 18-26 ng Cry1Ab/cm(2)) or with field populations from Greece (Bt-free areas), which displayed LC(50) values ranging between 22 and 27 ng Cry1Ab/cm(2). Standardizing bioassay protocols proved to be essential for obtaining comparable results. These findings suggest that resistant MCB populations did not evolve in those Spanish maize areas where Compa CB was largely cultivated for eight years, contradicting the expected rapid development of resistance under these unfavourable conditions. Additionally, our results can be used as baseline indices in post-market resistance monitoring programs if Bt maize is introduced in Greece. Further studies should continue, since the insights gained from a resistance monitoring program may help to enhance the durability of Bt maize. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
	keywords = {Bacillus thuringiensis, BACILLUS-THURINGIENSIS TOXIN, BASE-LINE, Bioassay, CRAMBIDAE, crops, EUROPEAN CORN-BORER, inheritance, INSECT RESISTANCE, NOCTUIDAE, nonagrioides, OSTRINIA-NUBILALIS LEPIDOPTERA, populations, Resistance Baseline susceptibility, Sesamia, SUSCEPTIBILITY, transgenic maize},
	isbn = {0261-2194},
	author = {Farinos, G. R. and Andreadis, S. S. and De La Poza, M. and Mironidis, G. K. and Ortego, F. and Savopoulou-Soultani, M. and Cast{\'a}nera, P.}
}
@article {2741,
	title = {Cold tolerance of field-collected and laboratory reared larvae of <i>Sesamia nonagrioides </i>(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae).},
	journal = {CryolettersCryolettersCryoletters},
	volume = {32},
	number = {4},
	year = {2011},
	note = {ISI Document Delivery No.: 825USTimes Cited: 0Cited Reference Count: 40},
	month = {Jul-Aug},
	pages = {297-307},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {Sesamia nonagrioides Lefebvre (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is considered one of the most destructive pests of corn in the Mediterranean region. The purpose of the present study was to investigate some aspects of the cold tolerance of non-diapausing and diapausing laboratory reared larvae of S. nonagrioides, as well as of field-collected larvae, taking into consideration various parameters, such as supercooling ability, mean lethal temperature and accumulation of cryoprotectant substances, in relation to diapause. Our results provide evidence that S. nonagrioides has limited cold tolerance as it displays a low ability of supercooling. This is strongly supported by the fact that mortality of the individuals occurred after extended exposure to subzero temperatures, equivalent or slightly lower to their mean supercooling point. However, lethal temperatures of diapausing larvae were significantly lower in relation to that of non-diapausing larvae, indicating the existence of a direct link between diapause and cold tolerance. Regarding the role of cryoprotectant substances, accumulation of glycerol seems to be closely related to diapause, in contrast to accumulation of trehalose, which is more related to exposure to low temperatures slightly higher than 0 degrees C. Finally, non-diapausing larvae of different instars displayed a similar ability of supercooling and tolerance to low temperatures as well as accumulation of cryoprotectant substances. The ecological significance of our findings on cold tolerance of this species is being discussed with particular reference to the microclimate observed in northern Greece.},
	keywords = {accumulation, BOLLWORM, cold hardiness, COTTON, CRYOPROTECTANTS, diapause, DIAPAUSE TERMINATION, glycerol, HARDINESS, lower lethal temperature, nonagrioides, NONDIAPAUSING PUPAE, OSTRINIA-NUBILALIS, OVERWINTERING LARVAE, Sesamia, supercooling point, TELENOMUS-BUSSEOLAE, TERRESTRIAL ARTHROPODS, trehalose},
	isbn = {0143-2044},
	author = {Andreadis, S. S. and Vryzas, Z. and Papadopoulou-Mourkidou, E. and Savopoulou-Soultani, M.}
}
