@article {2865,
	title = {Genetic divergence and phylogenetic relationships among <i>Salmo trutta </i>L (brown trout) populations from Greece and other European countries},
	journal = {HeredityHeredity},
	volume = {76},
	number = {6},
	year = {1996},
	note = {TY  - JOURCited By (since 1996): 23Export Date: 8 September 2006Source: ScopusReferences: Allendorf, F.W., Utter, F.M., May, B.P., Gene duplication within the family Salmonidae: II. Detection and determination of the genetic control of duplicate loci through inheritance studies and the examination of populations (1975) Isozymes IV: Genetics and Evolution, pp. 415-532. , Markert, C. L. (ed.) Academic Press, New York; Allendorf, F.W., Ryman, N., Stennek, A., Stahl, G., Genetic variation in Scandinavian brown trout (Salmo trutta L.): Evidence of distinct sympatric populations (1976) Hereditas, 83, pp. 73-82.},
	month = {1996///},
	pages = {551-560},
	abstract = {In order to clarify the genetic structure and the phylogenetic relationships among brown trout (Salmo trutta) populations from Greece and other European countries starch gel electro-phoresis was used. The populations come from various rivers from Greece and other European countries, flowing to the Atlantic or to the Mediterranean. Eleven enzymic systems were investigated. These correspond to 26 putative loci. A high degree of genetic polymorphism was found. The percentage of polymorphic loci ranged from 3.8 to 34.6 and the degree of expected heterozygosity from 0.016 to 0.1. F-statistics and clustering analyses indicated the existence of a high degree of differentiation. This differentiation is mainly between the Atlantic and the Mediterranean populations. Furthermore the Mediterranean populations seem to be divided into two groups. One includes the western Mediterranean populations and populations from western Greece and the other north-eastern Greek populations. The latter seem to be related to other Balkan populations and probably to Danubian or Black Sea populations. These results support the idea of two different lineages of Mediterranean brown trout populations, one of which is probably of aboriginal origin. {\textcopyright} 1996 The Genetical Society of Great Britain.},
	keywords = {allozyme, brown trout, Genetic polymorphism, Greece, phylogeny, Pisces, Salmo trutta},
	author = {Apostolidis, A.}
}
@article {2868,
	title = {Genetic differentiation and phylogenetic relationships among greek <i>Salmo trutta </i>L. (brown trout) populations as revealed by RFLP analysis of PCR amplified mitochondrial DNA segments},
	journal = {HeredityHeredity},
	volume = {77},
	number = {6},
	year = {1996},
	note = {TY  - JOURCited By (since 1996): 20Export Date: 8 September 2006Source: ScopusReferences: Apostolidis, A.P., Karakousis, Y., Triantaphyllidis, C., Genetic divergence and phylogenetic relationships among brown trout (Salmo trutta L.) populations from Greece and other European countries (1996) Heredity, 76, pp. 551-560; Avise, J.C., (1994) Molecular Markers, Natural History and Evolution, , Chapman and Hall, New York; Avise, J.C., Arnold, J., Ball, R.M., Bermingham, E., Lamp, T., Neigel, J.E., Intraspecific phylogeography: The mitochondrial DNA bridge between population genetics and systematics (1987) Ann. Rev. Ecol. Syst., 18, pp. 489-522; Bembo, D.G., Weightman, A.J., Beverton, R.J., Cresswell, R.C., Mitochondrial DNA variation in River Usk brown trout, Salmo trutta (1994) J. Fish Biol., 44, pp. 717-723; Bernatchez, L., Osinov, A., Genetic diversity of trout (genus Salmo) from its most eastern native range based on mitochondrial DNA and nuclear gene variation (1995) Mol. Ecol., 4, pp. 285-297; Bernatchez, L., Savard, L., Dodson, J., Pallota, D., Mitochondrial DNA sequence heterogeneity among James-Hudson Bay anadromous coregonines (1988) Finnish Fish. Res., 9, pp. 17-26; Bernatchez, L., Guyomard, R., Bonhomme, F., DNA sequence variation of the mitochondrial control region among geographically and morphologically remote European brown trout Salmo trutta populations (1992) Mol. Ecol., 1, pp. 161-173; Bianco, P.G., Potential role of the palaeohistory of the Mediterranean and Paratethys basins on the early dispersal of Euro-Mediterranean freshwater fishes (1990) Ichthyol. Explor. Freshwaters, 1, pp. 167-184; Cronin, M.A., Spearman, W.J., Wilmot, R.L., Patton, J.C., Bickham, J.W., Mitochondrial DNA variation in Chinook (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) and chum salmon (O. keta) detected by restriction enzyme analysis of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products (1993) Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci., 50, pp. 708-715; Estoup, A., Presa, P., Krieg, F., Vaiman, D., Guyomard, R., (CT)n and (GT)n microsatellites: A new class of genetic markers for Salmo trutta L. (brown trout) (1993) Heredity, 71, pp. 488-496; Felsenstein, J., (1992) PHYLIP (Phylogeny Inference Package) Version 3.4, , Department of Genetics, SK-50, University of Washington, Seattle, WA; Ferguson, A., Genetic differences among brown trout, Salmo trutta, stocks and their importance for the conservation and management of the species (1989) Freshwater Biol., 21, pp. 35-46; Ferguson, M.M., Danzmann, R.G., Hutchings, J.A., Incongruent estimates of population differentiation among brook charr, Salvelinus fontinalis, from Cape Race, Newfoundland, Canada, based upon allozyme and mitochondrial DNA variation (1991) J. Fish Biol., 39 (SUPPL. A), pp. 79-85; Ferguson, A., Taggart, J.B., Prodohl, P.A., Mcmeel, O., Thompson, C., Stone, C., The application of molecular markers to the study and conservation of fish populations, with special reference to Salmo (1995) J. Fish Biology, 47 (SUPPL. A), pp. 103-126; Fitch, W.M., Margoliash, E., Construction of phylogenetic trees (1967) Science, 155, pp. 279-284; Giuffra, E., Bernatchez, L., Guyomard, R., Mitochondrial control region and protein coding genes sequence variation among phenotypic forms of brown trout Salmo trutta from northern Italy (1994) Mol. Ecol., 3, pp. 161-172; Gyllensten, U., Wilson, A.C., Mitochondrial DNA of salmonids: Inter- And intraspecific variability detected with restriction enzymes (1987) Population Genetics and Fishery Management, pp. 301-317. , Ryman, N. and Utter, F., (eds) University of Washington Press, Seattle; Hall, H.J., Nawrockj, L.W., A rapid method for detecting mitochondrial DNA variation in the brown trout, Salmo trutta (1995) J. Fish Biol., 46, pp. 360-364; Hsu, K.J., When the Black Sea was drained (1978) Sci. Am., 238 (4), pp. 52-63; Hynes, R.A., Duke, E.J., Joyce, P., Mitochondrial DNA as a genetic marker for brown trout, Salmo trutta L., populations (1989) J. Fish Biol., 35, pp. 687-701; Karakousis, Y., Triantaphyllidis, C., Genetic structure and differentiation among Greek brown trout (Salmo trutta L.) populations (1990) Heredity, 64, pp. 297-304; Kocher, T.D., Thomas, W.K., Meyer, A., Edwards, S.V., Paabo, S., Villablanca, F.X., Wilson, A.C., Dynamics of mitochondrial DNA evolution in animals: Amplification and sequencing with conserved primers (1989) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 86, pp. 6196-6200; Krieg, F., Guyomard, R., Population genetics of French brown trout (Salmo trutta L.): Large geographical differentiation of wild populations and high similarity of domesticated stocks (1985) Ge?ne?t. Se?l. E?vol., 17, pp. 225-242; Lynch, M., Crease, T.J., The analysis of population survey data on DNA sequence variation (1990) Mol. Biol. Evol., 7, pp. 377-394; Mantel, N.A., The detection of disease clustering and a generalised regression approach (1967) Cancer Res., 27, pp. 209-220; Martin, A.P., Palumbi, S.R., Body size, metabolic rate, generation time, and the molecular clock (1993) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 90, pp. 4087-4091; Mcelroy, D., Moran, P., Bermingham, E., Kornfield, J., (1991) REAP: The Restriction Enzyme Analysis Package, Version 4.0, , University of Maine, Orono, ME; Mcveigh, H.P., Bartlett, S.E., Davidson, W.S., Polymerase chain reaction/direct sequence analysis of the cytochrome b gene in Salmo salar (1991) Aquaculture, 95, pp. 225-233; Nei, M., (1987) Molecular Evolutionary Genetics, , Columbia University Press, New York; Pamilo, P., Nei, M., Relationships between gene trees and species trees (1988) Mol. Biol. Evol., 5, pp. 568-583; Prodohl, P.A., Taggart, J.B., Ferguson, A., Genetic variability within and among sympatric brown trout (Salmo trutta) populations: Multi-locus DNA fingerprint analysis (1992) Hereditas, 117, pp. 45-50; Roff, D.A., Bentzen, P., The statistical analysis of mitochondrial DNA polymorphisms: {\textdiv}2 and the problem of small samples (1989) Mol. Biol. Evol., 6, pp. 539-545; Rohlf, F.J., (1990) NTSYS-pc. Numerical Taxonomy and Multivariate Analysis System, , Exeter Software, New York; Taggart, J.B., Ferguson, A., Hypervariable minisatellite DNA single locus probes for the Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L (1990) J. Fish Biol., 37, pp. 991-993.},
	month = {1996///},
	pages = {608-618},
	abstract = {The genetic differentiation and phylogenetic relationships of 13 populations (11 from Greece, one from Albania and one from France) of brown trout (Salmo trutta L.) were investigated at the mtDNA level. RFLP analysis of four segments of mitochondrial DNA (D-loop, cytochrome b and ND-5/6) amplified by PCR was used. Seven of 14 restriction endonucleases were found to detect variability in the ND-5/6 regions, whereas four and two out of 17 and 16 were polymorphic in the D-loop and cytochrome b, respectively. Eleven different haplotypes were observed. The observed interpopulation diversity was very high (mean = 1.65 per cent), whereas the intrapopulation diversity was low in most cases (mean = 0.063 per cent). Five phylogenetic assemblages were identified. The results demonstrate that Greece is one of the regions where brown trout display very high levels of genetic diversity. Most populations were genetically very distinct, possessing private mtDNA genotypes. Therefore, they represent unique gene pools which may warrant individual recognition for conservation and management. The genetic relationships among populations suggested by mtDNA data were not in accordance with allozyme data. This study illustrates the importance of considering the historical biogeography of a species in order to understand its population genetic structure. It also reinforces the view that mtDNA analysis represents a powerful tool to study past and present demographic phenomena.},
	keywords = {genetic variation, Greece, mtDNA RFLP, phylogeny, Pisces, Salmo trutta},
	author = {Apostolidis, A.P. and Karakousis, Y. and Triantaphyllidis, C.}
}
